农药对蜜蜂的影响及毒理学机制研究进展  

Research progress of the effects and toxicology mechanisms of pesticides on bees

作　　者：张伟 齐素贞 薛晓锋[2] 邱立红[1] ZHANG Wei;QI Suzhen;XUE Xiaofeng;QIU Lihong(Department of Applied Chemistry,College of Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Apicultural Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学理学院应用化学系,北京100193 [2]中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《农药学学报》2022年第5期1125-1138,共14页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200504).

摘　　要：农药在现代农业生产中发挥着积极作用,但是农药使用不当则会对重要授粉昆虫如蜜蜂等造成负面影响。本文主要围绕农药对蜜蜂的急性毒性、亚致死剂量农药对蜜蜂生长发育和行为的影响,农药对蜜蜂的联合作用,以及新烟碱类杀虫剂与蜜蜂烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体的相互作用、农药对蜜蜂毒性差异的机理、农药对蜜蜂解毒代谢相关酶活性及其他生理生化指标的影响、植物化学物质在调控蜜蜂对农药耐受性中的作用等方面的研究进展进行了综述,以期为农药的合理使用及提高其对蜜蜂的安全性提供参考。Pesticides play an active role in modern agricultural production.However,irrational application of pesticides may cause a negative impact on important pollinating bees.This paper mainly reviewed the research progress on the acute toxicity of pesticides to bees,the sub-lethal effects of pesticides on the growth,development,and behavior of bees,the combined effect of pesticides on bees,as well as the interaction between neonicotinoid insecticides and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of bees,mechanisms of differential toxicity of pesticide to bees,effects of pesticides on detoxificationrelated enzyme activity and other physiological and biochemical indexes of bees,and the role of phytochemicals in regulating the tolerance of bees to pesticides.The main purpose of this review is to provide a reference for the rational use of pesticides and improve the safety of pesticides to bees.

关 键 词：授粉昆虫 蜜蜂 毒性 毒理学机制 烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体 耐受性 

分 类 号：S481.1[农业科学—农药学] S894[农业科学—植物保护] TQ450.26[化学工程—农药化工]