中国云南多民族地区儿童斜视患病率及影响因素调查  

Prevalence and influencing factors of strabismus among children in yunnan multi-ethnic region,China

作　　者：李建华[1] 杨文艳[1] 张扬[1] 张帆[1] 茶健美 陈仪江 闫芳冰 Li Jianhua;Yang Wen-yan;Zhang Yang(Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第一附属医院眼科,650032

出　　处：《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》2022年第3期6-12,共7页Chinese Journal of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的调查云南省多民族地区7~12岁儿童斜视患病率,探究斜视发生的影响因素。方法横断面调查云南省少数民族比较集中的五个县,采用整群随机抽样方法,对6所小学共25934名学生进行视力、屈光度、眼位、眼球运动、眼前节等检查。最后将符合入选标准的24296名7~12岁学生纳入研究,分析斜视患病率及其影响因素。结果24296名7~12岁儿童中确诊显性斜视275例,患病率为1.13%,其中外斜视231例(0.95%),内斜视23例(0.09%),外斜:内斜=10:1。Logistic回归分析显示性别、年龄不是斜视的影响因素(P>0.05),但在外斜视(P=0.009,OR=0.63,95%CI:0.45-0.89)、间歇性外斜视(P=0.000,OR=0.45,95%CI:0.30-0.68)中11~12岁比其他年龄段患病率低。与汉族相比,傣族(P=0.04.OR=0.6,95%CI:0.37-0.98)、布依族(P=0.017,OR=0.37,95%CI:0.18-0.83)发生斜视的危险性较低,白族发生外斜视的风险较低(P=0.037,OR=0.12,95%CI:0.02-0.89)。屈光因素中,近视、远视均不是斜视及其分类的危险因素(P>0.05),而屈光参差、散光均是斜视、外斜视、间歇性外斜视的危险因素(P<0.05,OR>1)。结论中国云南少数民族儿童斜视的患病率低于国内外其他地区,以外斜视为主。有民族差异性,性别、年龄不是斜视的影响因素,屈光参差、散光是斜视及其分类的危险因素,而近视、远视的程度与斜视无关。Objective To investigate the prevalence of strabismus in children aged 7~12 years in multi-ethnic areas of Yunnan Province,and to explore the influencing factors of strabismus by multi-factor analysis.Methods 25934 students from 6 primary schools were examined for visual acuity,refraction,eye position,eye movement and anterior segment.Finally,24296 students aged 7~12 years who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study to calculate the prevalence of strabismus and analyze its influencing factors.Results Among 24296 children aged 7~12,275 were diagnosed with dominant strabismus(prevalence rate was 1.13%),including 231(0.95%)with exotropia and 23(0.09%)with esotropia.Exotropia:Esotropia=10:1.Logistic regression analysis showed that gender and age were not the influencing factors of strabismus(P>0.05).However,the prevalence of exotropia(P=0.009,OR=0.63,95%CI:0.45-0.89)and intermittent strabismus(P=0.000,OR=0.45,95%CI:0.30-0.68)was lower in 11~12 year olds than in other age groups.Dai nationality(P=0.04,OR=0.6,95%CI:0.37-0.98)and Buyi nationality(P=0.017,OR=0.37,95%CI:0.18-0.83)had lower risk of strabismus than han nationality.Bai nationality had a lower risk of exotropia(P=0.037,OR=0.12,95%CI:0.02-0.89).Among the refractive factors,myopia and hyperopia were not risk factors for strabismus and its classification(P>0.05),while anisometropia and astigmatism were risk factors for strabismus,exotropia and intermittent exotropia(P<0.05,OR>1).Conclusion The prevalence of strabismus in yunnan minority children was lower than that in other regions.Strabismus classification is mainly exotropia.There are ethnic differences in strabismus classification.Sex,age is not the influence factor of strabismus.Anisometropia,astigmatism in refraction factor is strabismus and its classification risk factor,but the degree of myopia and hyperopia has nothing to do with strabismus.

关 键 词：斜视 外斜视 间歇性外斜视 少数民族 患病率 流行病学 

分 类 号：R777.41[医药卫生—眼科]