三种非常规粗饲料的瘤胃发酵参数和养分降解特性研究  

Evaluation of rumen fermentation parameters and nutrient degradation characteristics of three unconventional roughages

作　　者：张福寿[1] 杨艳玲[1] 李改英[2] 高腾云[2] ZHANG Fushou;YANG Yanling;LI Gaiying;GAO Tengyun(Shangqiu Polytechnic,Shangqiu 476100,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]商丘职业技术学院,河南商丘476100 [2]河南农业大学动物科技学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第18期100-104,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“优质肉牛高效安全养殖技术应用与示范”(2018YFD0501704);现代奶牛产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-36)。

摘　　要：为比较三种非常规粗饲料(花生秧、构树、艾草)的瘤胃发酵参数和养分降解特性,试验选取体重为(600±30)kg、装有永久瘘管的荷斯坦干奶牛作为瘤胃液的供体动物,将风干并粉碎的三种非常规粗饲料分别放入发酵瓶中,并添加人工瘤胃液,于发酵2 h、6 h、12 h、24 h后分别测定各发酵物的产气量、养分降解率(干物质降解率、中性洗涤纤维降解率和酸性洗涤纤维降解率)、瘤胃发酵参数(pH值和挥发性脂肪酸含量)。结果表明:在体外发酵24 h内,构树瘤胃发酵物的产气量均显著高于花生秧和艾草(P<0.05);花生秧瘤胃发酵物的干物质降解率、中性洗涤纤维降解率和酸性洗涤纤维降解率均高于构树和艾草(P>0.05或P<0.05);艾草瘤胃发酵物的pH值均为最高;花生秧瘤胃发酵物的乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和总挥发酸含量均为最高,艾草瘤胃发酵物的均为最低。说明相比于艾草,花生秧和构树在反刍动物生产中具有较高的利用价值。To compare the three types of unconventional roughage(peanut vine, Broussonetia papyrifera and Artemisa argyi) of rumen fermentation parameters and nutrient degradation characteristics, holstein dry dairy cows with body weight of(600±30)kg equipped with permanent fistulas were selected as rumen fluid donors. The dried and crushed three kinds of unconventional roughage were put into fermentation bottles respectively, and artificial rumen fluid was added. Gas production, nutrient degradation rate(dry matter degradation rate, neutral detergent fiber degradation rate and acid detergent fiber degradation rate), rumen fermentation parameters(pH value and volatile fatty acid content) of each ferments were measured at 2 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h of fermentation, respectively. The results showed that within 24 h of in vitro fermentation, the gas production of Broussonetia papyrifera rumen fermentation was significantly higher than that of peanut vine and Artemisia argyi rumen fermentation(P<0.05). The dry matter degradation rates, neutral detergent fiber degradation rates and acid detergent fiber degradation rates of peanut vine were higher than those of Broussonetia papyrifera and Artemisia argyi rumen fermentation(P>0.05 or P<0.05). The pH values of Artemisia argyi rumen fermentation were the highest. The contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile acid of peanut vine rumen fermentation were the highest, while those of Artemisia argyi rumen fermentation were the lowest. It indicated that compared with Artemisia argyi, peanut vine and Broussonetia papyrifera had higher utilization value in ruminant production.

关 键 词：非常规粗饲料 体外发酵 瘤胃 养分降解特性 反刍动物 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]