石家庄市桥西区学龄前儿童龋齿发病现状及影响因素分析  

Current situation and influencing factors of dental caries in preschool children in Qiaoxi District of Shijiazhuang City

作　　者：王明丽 黄岩 边玉婷 王芳 刘元元 WANG Mingli;HUANG Yan;BIAN Yuting;WANG Fang;LIU Yuanyuan(Department of Stomatology,Shijiazhuang City Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang,Hebei,050000;Department of Stomatology,Hebei General Hospital of Armed Police Corps,Shijiazhuang,Hebei,050000)

机构地区：[1]河北省石家庄市妇幼保健院口腔科,河北石家庄050000 [2]武警河北总队医院口腔科,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《实用临床医药杂志》2022年第15期129-133,共5页Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice

基　　金：河北省石家庄市科学技术研究与发展指导计划项目(191201013)。

摘　　要：目的分析石家庄市桥西区学龄前儿童龋齿发病现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样的方法从石家庄市桥西区的5个幼儿园中选取1518名3~5岁儿童进行口腔检查,同时向监护人发放问卷,调查日常口腔保健的知识和行为情况。结果本次调查参与者1518例,患龋人数1175例,患龋率为77.40%,龋均为3.58,软垢指数为(0.67±0.48);女童患龋率与男童患龋率分别为78.64%和76.20%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);龋齿充填率为25.89%,乳磨牙窝沟封闭率为8.30%;3、4、5岁儿童患龋率依次为71.91%、78.05%、81.78%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、乳牙龋齿治疗意愿、孩子首次口腔检查时间、婴儿的喂养方式(0~6个月)、含氟牙膏选择、每天刷牙次数和睡前刷牙后进食情况是3~5岁儿童龋齿发生的影响因素(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋严重,应加强儿童和家长口腔保健知识的教育以及对儿童口腔保健行为的管理,从而降低患龋风险。Objective To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of dental caries in preschool children in Qiaoxi District of Shijiazhuang City. Methods A total of 1 518 children aged 3 to 5 years were selected from 5 kindergartens in Qiaoxi District of Shijiazhuang City by convenient sampling method for oral examination, and at the same time, the guardians were given questionnaires to investigate the conditions of knowledge and behavior of daily oral health care. Results In this survey, there were 1 518 participants and 1 175 children with caries, the prevalence rate of caries was 77.40%, the mean decayed-missing-filled tooth was 3.58, and the soft debris index was(0.67±0.48);the prevalence rate of caries was 78.64% in girls and 76.20% in boys, respectively, which showed no significant difference(P>0.05);the filling rate of caries was 25.89%, and the pit and fissure sealing rate of primary molars was 8.30%;the prevalence rate of caries was 71.91% in children aged 3 years, 78.05% in those aged 4 years and 81.78% in those aged 5 years, respectively, and there were significant differences among different ages(P<0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that age, willingness to treatment of caries of deciduous teeth, the time of the child’s first oral examination, the feeding method of infants(aged 0 to 6 months), the choice of fluoride toothpaste, the brushing frequency per day and the eating situation after brushing before going to sleep were the influencing factors of caries in children aged 3 to 5 years(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion Children aged 3 to 5 years have serious caries of deciduous teeth, and the education of oral cavity health care knowledge for children and their parents as well as the management of children′s oral health care behaviors should be strengthened in order to reduce the risk of caries.

关 键 词：龋齿 学龄前儿童 乳牙 口腔保健知识 含氟牙膏 喂养方式 

分 类 号：R788[医药卫生—口腔医学] R179[医药卫生—临床医学]