行走步长影响老年人下肢肌力的仿真分析  

Simulated analysis of influence of walking step length on lower limb muscle strength in the elderly

作　　者：宋翠荣[1] 陈童真 刘美晓 张海峰[1] Song Cuirong;Chen Tongzhen;Liu Meixiao;Zhang Haifeng(Basic Teaching and Research Office,Cangzhou Medical College,Cangzhou 061000,Hebei Province,China;Department of Rehabilitation,Cangzhou People's Hospital,Cangzhou 061000,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州医学高等专科学校基础教研室,河北省沧州市061000 [2]沧州市人民医院康复科,河北省沧州市061000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2023年第22期3486-3491,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：河北省卫健委资助项目(20210150),项目负责人:张海峰。

摘　　要：背景:目前人口老龄化日趋严重,老年人不耐受高强度锻炼,骨骼、肌肉退化,常由于跌倒导致伤残或死亡,如何提高老年人的下肢肌力成为当前的研究热点问题。目的:分析行走步长对老年人(> 60岁)下肢肌力的影响,探索高效的行走方式,为日常锻炼提供指导。方法:选择30名健康老年人为受试者,均为男性,年龄65-75岁,测量其形态参数,导入仿真软件Opensim 4.0,分别建立各受试者骨肌模型。应用Vicon 2.3三维动作捕捉系统,实时记录各受试者正常步长、大步长行走的运动轨迹;同时采用足底三维测力台记录步行中足底受到的地面反作用力;将各受试者运动数据导入Opensim 4.0软件建立运动模型,进行动力学仿真,结合足底测力台数据验证其有效性。模型经验证后仿真各受试者在不同步长行走过程中,髂肌、腰大肌、股直肌、臀大肌、臀中肌、股二头肌、半腱肌、大收肌的肌力变化;将各受试者2次不同步长行走肌力数据分别导入SPSS 20.0进行统计分析,行配对t检验。结果与结论:(1)建立了各受试者骨骼肌肉模型及不同步长行走的运动模型,导出各受试者不同步长行走过程中下肢重要肌肉的时间-肌力变化曲线;(2)经统计学分析,不同步长行走肌力差异有显著性意义(P> 0.05);(3)步长与肌力变化的规律:正常步频下,增大步长幅度,股直肌、股二头肌、半腱肌肌力显著增加,髂肌、腰大肌、臀大肌、臀中肌、大收肌轻度增加;(4)提示增大步长行走可以提高下肢肌力,为老年人选择正确行走方式、相关康复训练以及运动处方开发提供理论基础。BACKGROUND:Aging is becoming increasingly serious.The elderly with skeletal muscle degeneration do not tolerate high intensity exercise,and are easy to fall,resulting in disability or death.How to improve the lower limb muscle strength of the elderly has become a hot research issue.OBJECTIVE:To provide guidance for daily activities through analyzing the influence of walking step length on lower limb muscle stre ngth of the elderly(> 60 years old),and exploring the appropriate walking style.METHODS:Thirty healthy male elderly subjects aged 65-75 years old were randomly selected and their morphological parameters were measured.The skeletal muscle model was established by importing the simulation software Opensim 4.0.Vicon 2.3 three-dimensional motion capture system was used to record the movement track of the subjects’ normal step and large step walking in real tim e,and the plantar three-dimensional force platfo rm was used to record the ground reaction force on the plantar during walking.The motion data of the subjects were impo rted into Opensim 4.0 software to establish the movement model,and the dynamic simulation was carried out.The effectiveness of the method was ve rified by the data of plantar dynamometer.Muscle strength changes of iliu m,rectus femoris,psoas major,gluteus maximus,gluteus medius,biceps femoris,adductor magnus and medial fe moral muscle were analyzed during walking with different step lengths in the elderly.The muscle strength data of two different pace walks of each subject were imported into SPSS 20.0 for statistical analysis,and paired t-test was performed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) By establishing the skeletal muscle model of the subjects and the movement model of walking with different steps,the muscle strength curves of the important muscles of the lower limbs in the process of walking with different ste ps were derived.(2) Through statistical analysis,there were significant differences in the muscle strength of walking with different paces(P> 0.05).(3) The change rules of step leng

关 键 词：行走步长 肌力 运动捕捉 仿真 日常锻炼 

分 类 号：R496[医药卫生—康复医学] R318.1[医药卫生—临床医学] R324