不同种植方式对饲料油菜产量和品质的影响  

Effect of different planting patterns on yield and quality of forage rape

作　　者：蔡东芳[1] 张书芬[1] 王建平[1] 何俊平[1] 曹金华[1] 赵磊[1] 王东国[1] 朱家成[1] CAI Dong-fang;ZHANG Shu-fen;WANG Jian-ping;HE Jun-ping;CAO Jin-hua;ZHAO Lei;WANG Dong-guo;ZHU Jia-cheng

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,农业农村部黄淮海油料作物重点实验室,河南省油料作物遗传改良重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《饲料研究》2022年第17期102-105,共4页Feed Research

基　　金：国家油菜产业技术体系建设专项(项目编号:CARS-12);河南省农业科学院优秀科技创新团队(项目编号:2022TD17);河南省农业科学院基础性科研项目(项目编号:2022JC07);河南省大豆油料产业技术体系(项目编号:HARS-22-06-G1)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究不同种植方式对饲料油菜产量和品质的影响。试验选择3个品种的饲料油菜(双油1851、丰油10号和双油195)在3种不同种植方式(撒播及行距分别为20.0、33.3 cm的条播)下进行试验,测定苗期叶片数、茎粗、叶绿素指数以及各营养品质。结果显示:3种种植方式对饲料油菜地上部产量的贡献为20.0 cm条播>撒播>33.3 cm条播。在行距20.0 cm的条播下,3个品种在苗期和角果期均表现出较高的生物产量,其中双油1851两个时期的产量均为最高,分别达49522.25、76633.72 kg/hm^(2)。双油1851在3个种植方式下的粗灰分(Ash)含量均显著高于丰油10号和双油195(P<0.05);在33.3 cm条播和撒播下的Ash含量显著高于其他品种和种植方式(P<0.05)。双油1851在3种种植方式下的粗脂肪(EE)含量显著低于丰油10号和双油195(P<0.05);丰油10号在20.0 cm的条播下的EE含量显著高于其他两种种植方式(P<0.05);双油195在33.3 cm的条播下的EE含量显著低于其他品种和种植方式(P<0.05)。双油195在33.3 cm条播下的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量显著高于其他两种种植方式(P<0.05),在撒播条件下的酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量显著低于其他两种方式(P<0.05)。研究表明,行距20.0 cm条播下,3个品种整体Ash、EE和粗蛋白含量均较高,其中双油1851角果初期在20.0 cm的条播下生物量最高达76633.72 kg/hm^(2),营养品质较优。The experiment was to explore the effect of different planting methods on yield and quality of forage rape.In the experiment,three varieties of forage rapeseed(Shuangyou 1851,Fengyou 10 and Shuangyou 195)were selected and tested under three different planting methods(sowing and drilling with row spacing of 20.0 and 33.3 cm,respectively),to determine the number of leaves,stem diameter,chlorophyll index and nutritional quality at seedling stage.The results showed that three planting methods contributed to aboveground yield of forage rape:20.0 cm drill>broadcast>33.3 cm drill.Under the row spacing of 20.0 cm,three cultivars showed higher biomass yields at seedling and silique stages,and Shuangyou 1851 had the highest yield in both stages,reaching 49522.25 and 76633.72 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Ash content of Shuangyou 1851 under three planting methods was significantly higher than that of Fengyou 10 and Shuangyou 195(P<0.05).Ash content in 33.3 cm drill and broadcast was significantly higher than other varieties and planting methods(P<0.05).The EE content of Shuangyou 1851 under three planting methods was significantly lower than that of Fengyou 10 and Shuangyou 195(P<0.05).The EE content of Fengyou 10 under 20.0 cm drill was significantly higher than that of the other two planting methods(P<0.05),and EE content of Shuangyou 195 under 33.3 cm drill was significantly lower than other varieties and planting methods(P<0.05).The content of NDF of Shuangyou 195 under 33.3 cm drilling was significantly higher than that of the other two planting methods(P<0.05),and the content of ADF under sowing conditions was significantly lower than the other two methods(P<0.05).The study indicates that the overall ash,EE and crude protein content of three cultivars were higher under the row spacing of 20.0 cm,the biomass of Shuangyou 1851 silique at initial stage of seeding at 20.0 cm reaches a maximum of 76633.72 kg/hm2,and the nutritional quality is higher.

关 键 词：饲料油菜 叶绿素含量 叶片数 茎粗 品质指标 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]