学术马歇尔计划:冷战语境下的萨尔茨堡美国学论坛  

The Academic Marshall Plan:The Salzburg Seminar for American Studies in the Context of Cold War

作　　者：石可鑫 Shi Kexin

机构地区：[1]浙江大学历史学院,310028

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2022年第4期141-160,8,共21页The Journal of International Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“知识外交与战后美国学术话语体系的全球建构研究”(项目批准号:20&ZD243);国家社科基金一般项目“冷战时期美国在亚洲的知识外交研究”(项目批准号:20BSS061)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：自1947年起,美国的美国学家在萨尔茨堡定期举办美国学论坛。作为一项致力于向欧洲学术界传播美国思想和文化的跨国学术活动,萨尔茨堡美国学论坛最终促进了美欧学术共同体的形成。在冷战背景下,美国学家借助论坛学术声誉,吸引东欧学者学习美国知识、了解美国价值观念的行为,则体现出美国知识精英的政治性诉求。由于学术研究具有的天然特性,冷战政治氛围难以全然主导论坛的发展方向。萨尔茨堡美国学论坛展现了冷战语境下学术与政治的特殊张力,特别是知识转移和国际政治格局演变的潜在联系。回溯论坛的组织与发展过程,有助于还原非国家行为体,特别是美国知识阶层在冷战中的所思所为,从而丰富冷战的社会文化场景。Since 1947,American Americanists have regularly organized the Salzburg Seminar for American Studies.As a transnational academic activity dedicated to spreading American ideas and culture to the European academic community,the Salzburg Seminar was instrumental in forming the American and European academic community. Against the backdrop of Cold War confrontation, American scholars attracted Eastern European scholars to expose them to American knowledge and understand American values by virtue of the academic reputation of the Seminar,which reflected the political appeal of the American intellectual elite.Due to the intrinsic critical and independent spirit of academic research,the Cold War political atmosphere could not completely dominate the development of the Seminar.The Salzburg Seminar demonstrated the special tension between academia and politics in the context of the Cold War,especially the potential connection between knowledge transfer and the evolution of the international political structure.Revisiting the origins and history of the Salzburg Seminar helps to restore the thoughts and actions of non-state actors,especially American intellectuals,thus enriching the social and cultural contexts of the Cold War.

关 键 词：冷战史研究 文化冷战 萨尔茨堡美国学论坛 美欧学术共同体 马歇尔计划 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学]