清末科举改制前后的史书市场  

The Market of History Books in the Late Qing Dynasty Before and After the Reform of the Imperial Examination System

作　　者：王乐鑫 Wang Lexin

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,上海200241

出　　处：《史学月刊》2022年第9期116-126,共11页Journal of Historical Science

摘　　要：清末科举改制,首场试史论,二场常考西史,以致读书人纷纷瞩目史学。改制章程一出,书场坊肆看准商机,采用新式广告宣传,印刷大量史书。场前史类书最是畅销,时人多批评举业史书难脱词章窠臼,不足为史著。但活跃、多元的市场也为史书出版带来了新气象,删减版史书因便于考试之故迅速占领市场,“不得法”的兔园史册已令乡陬学子大开眼界,西史书籍因与考题关联被士子广泛购阅,读史风气渐开。新史家对史书市场乱象的批评又促进史学自我革新,为20世纪初的史学开新作了铺垫。The reform of the imperial examination system in the late Qing dynasty,with the first examination on historical discourse and the second examination on Western history,had drawn the attention of the examinees to history.As soon as the regulations of the reform were released,the book market and bookstores saw the business opportunities.They adopted a new type of advertising and printed many history books.History books were the best sellers before the examinations.Abridged versions of history books quickly took over the book market because they were more suitable for taking examinations,and Western history books were often marketed by dint of its connection with the imperial examinations.Although most people at the time criticized such books as being unconventional and inadequate,the vibrant and diverse market brought a new climate for the publication of history books.The use of Western studies as a subject for the imperial examinations led to the rapid,legal,and massive introduction of Western history,which opened the boundaries of reading for the lower-class scholars who had previously read only the Four Books and Five Classics.The new historians’criticism of the chaos in the history book market also facilitated the renewal of history study,paving the way for the prosperity of historiography in the early 20 th century.

关 键 词：科举改制 史论 乡试 史书广告 史书市场 

分 类 号：K256.9[历史地理—历史学]