红霉素对大型溞生殖、生长和基因表达的生态毒理效应  

Ecotoxicity of erythromycin on reproduction,growth and genetic expression in Daphina magna

作　　者：刘建超[1] 马雨辰 张凌玉 任静华[2] 李一平[1] 陆光华[1] LIU Jianchao;MA Yuchen;ZHANG Lingyu;REN Jinghua;LI Yiping;LU Guanghua(Key Laboratory for Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes,Ministry of Education,College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Technology Innovation Center of Ecological Monitoring&Restoration Project on Land(arable),Ministry of Natural Resources,Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210018,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,南京210098 [2]江苏省地质调查研究院,自然资源部(国土)耕地生态监测与修复工程技术创新中心,南京210018

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第19期8105-8113,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(521709063);耕地污染调查成果在基本农田保护修复中的应用试点研究(苏财建[2017]123号);国家自然科学基金重点项目(52039003)。

摘　　要：红霉素(ERM)在水环境中广泛检出,并产生生态毒理风险。以大型溞为模式生物,研究了ERM在浮游动物繁殖、生长、抗氧化及神经系统方面的慢性毒理效应。结果表明ERM对大型溞的急性毒性为低毒(48 h-LC_(50)为315.41 mg/L,96 h-LC_(50)为163.08 mg/L)。在2μg/L和200μg/L浓度下暴露21 d,ERM会干扰大型溞的繁殖、生长、氧化应激防御及解毒相关基因的表达,诱导丙二醛含量上升,抑制抗氧化系统超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽转移酶及神经系统乙酰胆碱酯酶活性,引起细胞膜损伤和神经传导紊乱,造成大型溞前期产卵率升高,且对生长发育和游泳行为产生不利影响。解析了ERM在浮游动物繁殖、生长及在蛋白和基因水平上的毒理响应,为揭示抗生素对水生生物种群稳定和生态系统安全的影响提供基础数据支撑。Erythromycin(ERM)is a macrolide antibiotic and is widely used to prevent and treat respiratory tract infections,acute pelvic inflammatory disease,amygdalitis,skin infection,and so on.ERM is of high concern due to their abundant occurrence in various environmental media and their toxic risk to aquatic organisms.However,knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of ERM toxicity and its effects on reproduction and growing development output remain scarce.In order to reveal the ecotoxicological effects of ERM on aquatic organisms,acute toxicity and chronic effects of reproduction,growth and development were conducted on the standard model organism Daphnia magna.The results of acute toxicity showed that the LC_(50)of ERM for the 48 h and 96 h were 315.41 mg/L and 163.08 mg/L,respectively,belonging to low toxicity under the rules for classification and labelling of chemicals.In this experiment,0.01‰(2μg/L)and 1‰(200μg/L)of 96 h-LC_(50)were selected as the exposure concentrations for ERM chronic toxicity test.During the chronic toxicity test of 21 days,the ecological behavior indexes related to the growth,development and reproduction of Daphnia magna were recorded,and the population growth indexes were calculated.At the end of the 21-day exposure,the enzyme activities of antioxidant system and neurological system and the expression of genes related to growth,reproduction and metabolism of Daphnia magna were investigated.Following ERM exposure at concentrations of 2μg/L and 200μg/L,phenotypic traits including growing development(body length,heart rate,thoracic limb activity)and fecundity(number of offspring,number of offspring per brood per female,intrinsic rate of increase)were obviously increased,and swimming activity(swimming trajectory and swimming speed)were clearly reduced.Lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde contents were significantly increased at day of 21,the antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase)and neurotoxic enzymes(acetylcholinesterase)exhibited a trend towards inhibition a

关 键 词：红霉素 大型溞 生长繁殖 抗氧化系统 生态毒理 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]