多边主义的文明政治维度——联合国教科文组织文明间对话议程述评  

The Dimension of Civilizational Politics in Multilateralism:Review of UNESCO’s Agenda in Promotion of Dialogue among Civilizations

作　　者：刘铁娃 宗华伟 LIU Tiewa;ZONG Huawei

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学北外学院,北京100089 [2]北京大学国际关系学院 [3]中国常驻联合国教科文组织代表团

出　　处：《外交评论（外交学院学报）》2022年第5期110-129,I0004,I0005,共22页Foreign Affairs Review

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度重大课题“新时代提升中国参与全球教育治理能力及策略研究”(项目批准号:VDA200004)之子课题二“中国参与全球教育治理的外语复合型‘全球预备人才’战略培养体系研究”;北京市社会科学基金决策咨询重点项目“北京国际组织集聚区规划建设研究”(项目批准号:20JCB059)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：多边主义是国际社会普遍认可的互动原则和国际关系理论研究中的重要概念。在百年未有之大变局和全球治理体系变革之际,多边主义面临多重挑战,需要扩展其内涵维度,将文明政治纳入理念原则与制度设计中。这就要求多边主义的参与主体进一步多元化,并在互动中以沟通逻辑统合后果性逻辑和适当性逻辑,超越当前内嵌在欧洲中心主义和西方中心主义文明背景下的自由主义全球治理话语,为不同文明背景的行为体平等参与全球事务和全球治理奠定基础,推动构建更加平等、包容、韧性的国际秩序。近十年来,联合国教科文组织作为联合国体系中唯一肩负文明间对话职责的专门机构,推动文明间对话成为一项日益主流化的全球议程,发起了联合国框架下的“国际文化和睦十年”计划,在教育、科学、文化等领域开展一系列文明间对话旗舰项目,凸显了众多非欧洲、非西方的新兴发展中国家的作用与贡献,也说明实践中的多边主义出现了文明政治转向。中国应积极把握这一趋势,坚持倡导文明交流互鉴的“新文明观”、真正多边主义的全球治理观以及人类命运共同体的终极价值追求,以文明间对话帮助缓解大国竞争、地缘政治回归等带来的压力,为塑造和而不同的多边治理体系贡献智慧和力量。Multilateralism is a principle of interaction that is universally recognized by the international community,and it is also a key concept in IR theories.Given the profound changes unseen in a century and the transformations in the global governance system, multilateralism has encountered various challenges and needs to be enriched by integrating“civilizational politics”into its ideational principles and institutional devises.Such a “new”multilateralism calls for the engagement of more diversified actors,and the logic of communication synthesizing the logic of consequence and that of appropriateness,in a way to allow it to go beyond the liberalism discourse of global governance embedded in the civilizational context of Eurocentrism and Western-centrism,and lead to equal participation in international affairs and global governance by various actors from different civilizational contexts,which is essential for an equitable,inclusive,and resilient international order.In the past decade,as the only specialized agency of the United Nations(UN)with the mandate of promoting intercultural dialogue,the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)has endeavored to mainstream dialogue among civilizations into the global agenda.To this end,it has launched the International Decade for the Rapprochement of Cultures in the UN system and has implemented a series of flagship projects and programs in favor of dialogue among civilizations in the fields of education, science, and culture, with highlighted roles and contributions brought by non-European,non-Western,emerging developing countries,such as Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan,Saudi Arabia,and China.It testifies to a turn of civilizational politics in the practice of multilateralism.China should actively fit into the trend by advocating a “new thinking on civilizations”that aims to promote exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations,a vision of global governance based on true multilateralism,and the pursuit of ultimate values toward the comm

关 键 词：多边主义 文明政治 文明间对话 联合国教科文组织 全球治理 

分 类 号：D80[政治法律—政治学] D813.2[政治法律—外交学]