汉语光杆名词定指解读的语义-语用界面研究  

A Study on the Semantic-pragmatic Interface of Chinese Bare Nouns Reference

作　　者：赫琳[1] 蒋东立 He Lin;Jiang Dongli(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学文学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《长江学术》2022年第4期107-115,共9页Yangtze River Academic

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(18JZD015)。

摘　　要：光杆名词如何得到各种指称解读(如定指、不定指)是语言研究者普遍关注的问题。根据汉语光杆名词编码的四种概念语义类型,可以将定指解读分为语义上的唯一性定指和语用上的唯一性定指,四类名词作定指解读时,对语境的依赖逐渐增加:个体名词>功能名词>关系名词>类别名词。其中功能名词和关系名词在回指性语境中作定指解读时排斥指示词的出现,两种定指解读的光杆名词存在句法差异。回指语境中指示词不仅与所修饰的名词的话题地位有关,而且句法位置效应会强制指示词出现,而量化算子和时态算子则会制约指示词的出现。How to obtain various referential interpretations for bare nouns(such as definite and indefinite) is a topic of general concern in language research.According to the four conceptual semantic types encoded by bare nouns in Chinese,definite interpretation can be divided into semantically unique definite and pragmatically unique definite.When four types of nouns are interpreted as definite,they become more context-dependent:individual nouns> functional nouns>rational nouns>sort nouns.Among them,rational nouns and functional nouns reject the appearance of demonstrative in definite interpretation in anaphoric context,and there are syntactic differences between the bare nouns in the two definite interpretations.Secondly,the demonstrative in the anaphoric context are not only related to the topical status of the nouns they modify,but also the syntactic position effect will force the demonstratives to appear,while the quantitative and tense operators will exclude the demonstratives.

关 键 词：光杆名词 有定性 唯一性 语义-语用界面 指示词 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语] H136