新能源汽车推广应用的“非补贴型”政策作用及其差异  

The role and difference of"non-subsidized"policies in the promotion and application of NEV

作　　者：熊勇清[1] 刘徽 Xiong Yongqing;Liu Hui(School of Business,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学商学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《科研管理》2022年第9期83-90,共8页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:“新能源汽车产业供需双侧政策的多维度匹配性分析及动态转换研究”(71874208,2019.01—2022.12)。

摘　　要：在新能源汽车“补贴型”政策逐步“退坡”的背景下,有效发挥“非补贴型”政策的作用具有重要的现实意义。选择中国目前实施的“路权优先”和“充电保障”两项主要“非补贴型”政策,以新能源汽车示范推广城市为例,应用双重差分模型从时间和区域两个维度分析了两项“非补贴型”政策作用的差异性。结果表明:从时间维度来看,新能源汽车“非补贴型”政策作用虽然稍低于“补贴型”政策,但是十分显著并呈现持续上升趋势,新能源汽车“非补贴型”政策可以成为“补贴退坡”后市场持续发展的重要政策支撑,其中,“路权优先”政策作用的增幅相对更大;从区域维度来看,“充电保障”政策作用的区域差异不明显,“路权优先”政策作用则存在比较明显的区域差异性,城市的交通承载压力越高,“路权优先”政策作用越强。在新能源汽车“补贴退坡”的情形下,应在快速推进充电桩等基础设施布局的同时,加大新能源汽车“路权优先”政策实施的力度,同时,要根据交通承载压力的区域差异性,因地制宜地实施差异化的“非补贴型”政策。China's new energy vehicles have achieved rapid development in recent years relying on the fiscal and tax"subsidy"policies such as"purchase subsidies"and"tax deductions".Excessive fiscal and tax"subsidy"policies have promoted the rapid development of China's new energy vehicle industry in the short term,but have also strengthened the"subsidy dependency"of new energy vehicles,inducing large-scale cheating behaviors.It is easy to cause controversy over the"fairness"of international trade.To this end,China has gradually implemented"subsidy declining"plan for new energy vehicles since 2016,and all subsidy policies will be withdrawn by 2020.In the context of China's new energy vehicle"subsidy"policy gradually"downhill",effectively playing the role of"non-subsidized"policy is very important for the sustainable development of the new energy vehicle industry."Right of way priority y"as an"incentive mechanism"that encourages the environmental protection attributes of new energy vehicles to bring about a reduction in social marginal costs.By giving new energy vehicles the priority of listing or exercising right,the utility level of consumers of new energy vehicles is improved.The implementation of the"Charging guarantee"policy is conducive to reducing the variable costs in the use of new energy vehicles,stimulating and inducing consumers to consume new energy vehicles,and providing important basic guarantees for the development of the new energy vehicle industry.There are some differences in the effect of the"non-subsidized"policy on the time and regional dimensions.Judging from the existing research literature,since China's new energy vehicle industry policy is mainly based on"subsidy"policies,there is more research in the existing literature on the role of new energy vehicles"subsidy"policies.There are few studies on the role of"non-subsidized"policies;in addition,there are large differences in"transport bearing pressure"in different cities in China.The existing literature on the differences in the role of new energy veh

关 键 词：新能源汽车 “非补贴型”政策 路权优先 充电保障 双重差分模型(DID) 

分 类 号：F019.6[经济管理—政治经济学]