南京市3~11岁儿童父母对子女接种新冠肺炎疫苗加强针的意愿  

Parents’ willingness to vaccinate their children aged 3-11 years with the COVID-19 booster vaccine in Nanjing

作　　者：葛金金 刘黎[2] 吴奇峰 许新鹏 尤华[1] GE Jin-jin;LIU Li;WU Qifeng;XU Xinpeng;YOU Hua(School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing(211166),China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏211166 [2]江苏省南京市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第9期1324-1328,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72074122);江苏省卫生健康发展研究中心开放课题(JSHD2021052)。

摘　　要：目的 基于计划行为理论探究南京市父母为3~11岁子女接种新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗(以下简称“新冠肺炎疫苗”)加强针的意愿,为开展该年龄段儿童新冠肺炎疫苗加强针接种工作提供理论依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法选取南京市1 286名3~11岁儿童父母,用基于计划行为理论编制的问卷调查其对子女接种新冠肺炎疫苗加强针的意愿,应用结构方程模型开展数据分析。结果 90.2%的家长愿意为子女接种新冠肺炎疫苗加强针。基于计划行为理论构建的模型可以解释加强针接种意愿方差变异的42.2%。行为态度和感知行为控制对父母为子女接种新冠肺炎疫苗加强针的意愿具有直接正向影响(路径系数分别为0.47和0.18,P值均<0.01);主观规范对接种意愿的直接影响无统计学意义;感知行为控制和主观规范可以通过行为态度对接种意愿产生间接正向影响(路径系数分别为0.27和0.13,P值均<0.01)。结论 南京市父母为3~11岁子女接种新冠肺炎疫苗加强针的意愿较高。计划行为理论对父母为子女接种新冠肺炎疫苗加强针的意愿具有较好的解释能力,行为态度是促进接种意愿形成的主要因素。Objective To investigate parents’ acceptance to the COVID-19 vaccine booster shots for their children aged 3-11 years in Nanjing based on the theory of planned behavior, and to provide a scientific theoretical basis for carrying out COVID-19 booster vaccination among children of this age group. Methods A total of 1 286 parents of children aged 3-11 years in Nanjing were selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling. A questionnaire survey based on the theory of planned behavior was used to investigate their willingness to vaccinate their children with the COVID-19 booster dose, and structural equation model was used to conduct data analysis. Results About 90.2% of parents were willing to give their children a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The model constructed based on the theory of planned behavior could explain 42.2% of the variance of vaccination acceptance. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control had a direct positive effect on parents’ acceptance to booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine(path coefficients were 0.47 and 0.18, P<0.01);The direct effect of subjective norms on vaccination acceptance was not statistically significant;Perceived behavioral control and subjective norms could have indirect positive effects on vaccination acceptance through attitudes(path coefficients were 0.27 and 0.13, P<0.01). Conclusion Parents in Nanjing have a higher acceptance to vaccinate their children aged 3-11 years with the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose. The theory of planned behavior shows a good explanatory ability on parents’ acceptance to vaccinate their children, and attitude plays an important role in the formation of vaccination acceptance.

关 键 词：法定监护人 冠状病毒属 接种 疫苗 儿童 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] G478[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R193[文化科学—教育学]