小学生家长伤害预防监护能力情况  

Child injury prevention practice among parents of primary school students

作　　者：殷小雅 陈勃昊 朱莹 李艺扬 汤表倩 姚淑娴 刘汗青 王书梅[1] YIN Xiaoya;CHEN Bohao;ZHU Ying;LI Yiyang;TANG Biaoqian;YAO Shuxian;LIU Hanqing;WANG Shumei(School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety,Ministry of Education,Fudan University,Shanghai(200032),China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院/公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室,上海200032

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第9期1337-1341,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：上海市第五轮公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划重点学科项目(GWV-10.1-XK08)。

摘　　要：目的了解小学生家长的儿童伤害预防监护能力,并分析其关联因素,为减少儿童伤害的发生提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,于2021年5—6月从上海市(虹口、金山和宝山)3个行政区的3所小学抽取2577名儿童家长开展问卷调查,调查问卷根据本研究团队前期开发的儿童伤害预防家庭监护能力评估指标体系(6~11岁)制成。将评估结果转换为标准化得分进行描述性分析,采用多重线性回归模型进行多因素分析。结果家长在环境、产品、行为与技能和心理4个一级指标的标准化得分分别为(0.91±0.08)(0.93±0.08)(0.97±0.04)(0.95±0.05)分,监护能力标准化得分为(0.95±0.04)分。家长在知识、态度和实践3个维度的标准化得分分别为(0.99±0.03)(0.97±0.05)(0.89±0.10)分。母亲的伤害预防知、信、行及总分均高于父亲;高学历家长的伤害预防知、信、行及总分均高于低学历家长;家长认为“父母”这一社会角色越重要,其得分越高。结论小学生家长儿童伤害预防的整体实践水平与其知识和态度之间存在差距。监护角色、学历和家长对父母角色重要性的认知是影响其伤害预防监护能力的主要因素。建议针对不同监护角色及不同受教育程度的家长有针对性地探索更适合、其更易接受的伤害预防监护干预措施。Objective To investigate child injury prevention practice and associated factors among parents of primary school students.Methods Parents of 2577 students were selected from three primary schools in three administrative regions of Shanghai by multi-stage sampling method between May and June in 2021.Questionnaire survey was administered to parents based on the Index System for Assessing Parent’s Ability on Child Injury Prevention,which was developed previously by the present research group.Results were converted into standardized scores for descriptive analysis,and the original scores were analyzed by multiple linear regression model.Results The standardized scores of parents on environment safety,product safety,behaviors and skills and psychological safety were(0.91±0.08)(0.93±0.08)(0.97±0.04)(0.95±0.05),respectively.The standardized score of general ability was(0.95±0.04).The standardized scores on knowledge,attitude and practice of injury prevention were(0.99±0.03)(0.97±0.05)(0.89±0.10),respectively.Mothers’performances were generally better than fathers’.Parents with higher education performed better than those with lower education.Parents with"being a parent"in mind performed better on child injury prevention.ConclusionThere is a gap between practice with the knowledge as well as attitude towards child injury prevention among parents of primary school students.Parenting role,educational background and parental awareness of the importance of parental role are primary factors that affect child injury prevention practice.

关 键 词：创伤和损伤 法定监护人 监护 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学] R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]