河南省适龄儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭防龋5年效果评估  

Five-year evaluation of anticaries effects of pit and fissure sealant in the first permanent molars for school-age children in Henan Province

作　　者：李凤娟[1] 许凤鸣 王丽茹 王旭[1] 刘晶晶 王延鑫 张书芳[1] LI Fengjuan;XU Fengming;WANG Liru;WANG Xu;LIU Jingjing;WANG Yanxin;ZHANG Shufang(School and Children's Health Section,Institute of Public Health,Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou(450016),China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心公共卫生研究所学校与儿少卫生研究室,郑州450016

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第9期1396-1398,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划(联合共建)项目(LHGJ2019 0703,LHGJ20200138);河南省科技攻关项目(2221023 10472)。

摘　　要：目的了解河南省儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目实施5年后,儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭剂保留情况及患龋情况。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,在河南省2015年参与儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目的8个县区,每个县区抽取1所项目学校,每所学校抽取2~3个班的六年级学生。被抽中班级中2015年进行了第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭的978名儿童作为实验组,符合适应症但未进行窝沟封闭的344名儿童作为对照组,对其第一恒磨牙封闭剂保留及患龋情况进行调查。结果窝沟封闭5年后,封闭剂完全保留率15.84%,部分保留率55.32%,完全脱落率28.84%。实验组儿童龋病发病率及龋均(19.02%,0.44±0.87)均低于对照组(27.91%,0.54±1.00)(χ^(2)/t值分别为11.98,-2.63,P值均<0.05),龋齿降低率为31.85%,纯收益率为8.59%。封闭剂保留率越高,龋病发病率越低(χ^(2)_(趋势)=167.16,P<0.01)。结论河南省儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目远期效果良好,窝沟封闭可有效预防儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟龋。Objective To investigate the retention rate and anticaries effects of pit and fissure sealant in the first permanent after 5 years among children in Henan Province.Methods Random cluster sampling was used in 8 counties/districts of Henan Province that participated in the comprehensive intervention program for children’s oral diseases in 2015.One project school was selected from each county,and two classes of sixth grade students were selected from each school.In the selected class,children who underwent pit and fissure sealing in the first permanent molars in 2015 were treated as the experimental group,and children who met the indications but did not undergo pit and fissure sealing were treated as the control group.The retention of sealant and caries in the first permanent molars were investigated.Results After 5 years of pit and fissure sealing,the complete retention rate,partial retention rate and complete abscission rate were 15.84%,55.32%and 28.84%,respectively.The incidence of caries in the experimental group(19.02%,0.44±0.87)was lower than that in the control group(27.91%,0.54±1.00)(χ^(2)/t=11.98,2.63,P<0.05).The caries reduction rate was 31.85%.The rate of net benefit was 8.59%.The higher the retention rate of sealant,the lower the incidence of caries(χ^(2)=167.16,P<0.01).Conclusion The long-term effect of the comprehensive intervention project on children’s oral diseases in Henan Province is promising.Pit and fissure sealant can effectively prevent caries in children’s first permanent molars.

关 键 词：磨牙 坑缝封闭物 口腔卫生 儿童 

分 类 号：R788[医药卫生—口腔医学] R179[医药卫生—临床医学] R780.1