五四前后的北洋教育部与北京学界风潮(1919—1920)——兼论军阀政治下政学关系的演变  

Beiyang Ministry of Education and Academic Trend in Beijing around the May 4th Movement (1919—1920):On the Evolution of the Relationship between Politics and Academic under Warlord Politics

作　　者：商盛阳 SHANG Shengyang

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国人民大学教育学刊》2022年第2期83-98,共16页Renmin University of China Education Journal

摘　　要：北洋教育部在教育史上的地位自不待言,但研究成果却十分单薄。作为政学两界的重要枢纽,北洋教育部在五四时期迎来重大转折。起初北洋教育部尚能疏通政学两界,不久却陷入被动,无法令两界信服。这一时期北洋教育部立场偏向学界,与军阀当局存在疏离。此后北洋教育部被军阀势力渗透,对北京学界风潮的政策分为两阶段:巴黎和会结束前态度较和缓,但随着皖系政治危机解除态度转为严厉,自此巴黎和会结束教育部与北京学界关系开始恶化,在傅岳棻的带领下运用各种手段打击北京学界、角色扭曲,导致此后直至皖系统治终结政学关系趋于紧张,为日后北京学界风潮频发而不能平息埋下巨大隐患。通过分析这一时期北洋教育部在教育治理中的角色,并探讨其种种做法的得失,有利于为今后教育行政提供一定的借鉴。The status of Beiyang Ministry of Education in the history of education goes without saying, but relevant research is quite limited. As an important hub of government and academia, Beiyang Ministry of Education ushered in a significant turning point during the May 4 th Movement period. At first, the Ministry of Education was able to persuade the government and the academic community, but it soon became passive and failed to convince them. During this period, the position of the Ministry of Education was more academic and alienated from the warlord authorities. In Beijing after the Ministry of Education by warlords penetration, academic strike of policy was divided into two stages: before the end of the Paris peace conference, its attitude is gentle;but with the department of Anhui’s political crisis lifted attitude to harsh, the relationship between Beiyang Ministry of Education and academic community began to deteriorate. Led by Fu Yue Fen, Beiyang Ministry of Education used various means to suppress academia in Beijing. Since then, the political and academic relations have tended to be tense until the end of the reign of The Anhui system, which has laid a huge hidden danger for the frequent agitation of Beijing academic circles. Through analyzing the role of the Ministry of Education in educational governance during this period and discussing the gain and loss of its various practices, it is helpful to provide certain reference for the future education administration.

关 键 词：北洋教育部 军阀政治 五四运动 索薪驱傅 政学关系 

分 类 号：G529[文化科学—教育学]