四种萃取方法测定污染土壤中石油类含量的对比研究  

A comparative study of four extracting methods for determination of petroleum oil in contaminated soil

作　　者：郭拉娣 文方 曾琪静 廖娜 GUO La-di;WEN Fang;ZENG Qi-jing;LIAO Na(Xinjiang Academy of Environmental Protection Science,Urumqi 830011,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Risk Warning,Urumqi 830011,China;Xinjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Cleaner Production,Urumqi 830011,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆环境保护科学研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆环境污染监控与风险预警重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆清洁生产工程技术研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [4]新疆师范大学化学化工学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《应用化工》2020年第S02期294-297,共4页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目(2016E02102);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(2018A02002-1)。

摘　　要：以石油污染土壤为测试样品,采用索氏提取法、超声法萃取法、加速溶剂萃取法和振荡萃取法进行处理,利用红外测油仪进行石油类定量分析。通过对比4种萃取方法的提取效果,结合各种方法的优缺点,确定相对更适宜测定污染土壤中石油类含量的方法。研究结果表明,4种萃取方法测得的土壤中石油类含量范围为26.57~29.93 mg/g,相对标准偏差范围为3.49%~11.19%。加速溶剂萃取法与索氏提取法稳定性较好,相对标准偏差分别为3.49%和4.17%,超声法萃取效果最好,但稳定性稍差,相对标准偏差为9.70%。综合考虑萃取效果、实验效率、实验稳定性等因素,首推采用加速溶剂萃取法进行土壤石油类测定,其次是索氏提取法。Petroleum was extracted from petroleum-contaminated soil by four extraction methods,including Soxhlet extraction,ultrasonic extraction,accelerated solvent extraction and oscillation extraction,in which infrared oil meter was used for the quantitative analysis of petroleum.A more suitable method for the determination of petroleum content in contaminated soil was recommended based on comparing the extraction effects of four extraction methods,and combining the advantages and disadvantages of each method.Results showed that the petroleum content in the soil treated by the four extraction methods ranged from 26.57 to 29.93 mg/g,and the relative standard deviation ranged from 3.49 to 11.19 percent.Accelerated solvent extraction and Soxhlet extraction both have good stability,and the relative standard deviation is 3.49%and 4.17%,respectively.In terms of extraction effect,Ultrasonic extraction was the best,but the stability was poor,with a relative standard deviation of 9.70%.Considering the extraction effect,experimental efficiency,experimental stability and other factors,the accelerated solvent extraction method was firstly recommended for the determination of petroleum in soil,followed by Soxhlet extraction method.

关 键 词：石油类 索氏提取法 超声萃取法 加速溶剂萃取法 振荡法 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]