基于反推算法的无速度传感器稀土永磁同步电动机速度控制  

Speed control of sensorless rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor based on backstepping algorithms

作　　者：邓炜昱 张英豪 李小龙 王涛 DENG Wei-yu;ZHANG Ying-hao;LI Xiao-long;WANG Tao(College of Electronic Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学电子工程学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《应用化工》2019年第S02期226-229,234,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

摘　　要：随着稀土永磁材料和控制理论的研究深入,针对石油页岩油等地质勘探与开发的地质情况愈发复杂,开采难度逐年增加以及传统感应电动机控制精度低、体积大、效率低和成本高等问题,提出了抽油机中稀土永磁同步电机的反推控制方法,采用速度反推控制器取代传统的PI控制器,通过对电机转子角速度进行估计的降维线性龙格贝算法,建立永磁同步电机转速控制模型进一步构造龙格贝转速观测器,对永磁同步电机的转子角速度进行实时估算。本文将该算法应用到永磁同步电机无速度传感器之中,使用Matlab/Simulink软件对永磁同步电机速度控制模型进行系统仿真,并对得到的能快速追踪响应的转速转矩数据进行分析,仿真结果表明,该系统具有响应迅速,可调参数少等优点,对反推算法在石油抽油机中稀土永磁同步电机速度控制中具有较好的应用前景。With the deep research of rare earth permanent magnet materials and control theory,the backstepping control method of rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor in pumping unit is put forward in view of the increasingly complex geological conditions of oil exploration and development,the increasing difficulty of exploitation year by year,and the problems of low precision,large volume,low efficiency and high cost of traditional induction motor control.The speed back-stepping controller is used to replace the traditional PI controller.The reduced-dimension linear Runge-Bey algorithm is used to estimate the rotor angular velocity of the PMSM.The speed control model of the PMSM is established,and the Runge-Bey speed observer is further constructed to estimate the rotor angular velocity of the PMSM in real time.The algorithm is applied to speed sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM).The speed control model of PMSM is simulated by using the software of MATLAB/Simulink,and the speed and torque data which can quickly track the response are analyzed.The simulation results show that the system has fast response and fewer adjustable parameters.The advantages of the back-stepping algorithm have good application prospects in speed control of rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor in oil pumping units.

关 键 词：稀土永磁同步电动机 抽油机 反推控制 速度观制器 

分 类 号：TE9[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]