高脂饮食对骨密度的影响及其与肠道菌群的关系  

Effects of long-term high-fat diet on bone mineral density and intestinal flora

作　　者：徐侃 吴楠 高利红 朱琳 张丹瑛[2] 胡予 Xu Kan;Wu Nan;Gao Lihong;Zhu Lin;Zhang Danying;Hu Yu(Department of Geriatrics,Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Department of Gastroenterology,Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属中山医院老年病科,上海200032 [2]复旦大学附属中上山医院消化科,上海200032

出　　处：《中华内分泌代谢杂志》2022年第8期665-673,共9页Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

摘　　要：目的探讨长期高脂饮食对小鼠骨密度及肠道菌群的影响。方法16只雄性C57BL/6小鼠分为对照组(NC组)及高脂组(HF组)。高脂喂养24周后,检测血糖、血脂等生化指标;取双侧股骨,运用显微计算机断层扫描术(micro-CT)分析骨微结构;16S rDNA测序技术检测小鼠肠道微生物构成变化。结果与NC组相比,HF组小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平显著升高;micro-CT显示HF组小鼠骨小梁骨密度(Tb.BMD)减小、骨体积分数(BV/TV)减小、结构模型指数(SMI)增大、骨小梁数量(Tb.N)减少、骨小梁分离度(Tb.Sp)增加。高脂饮食对小鼠肠道菌群的多样性及丰度有显著影响。通过16S rDNA基因序列分析显示,在门分类学水平上,HF组的变形菌门较NC组相对丰度明显增加,厚壁菌门、疣微菌门、放线菌门较NC组相对丰度降低;在属分类学水平上,NC组中拟杆菌目S24-7orank的相对丰度要明显高于HF组,多级物种差异判别分析(LEfSe)显示差异具有显著性;HF组中拟杆菌属、拟普雷沃氏菌属、脱硫弧菌属、另枝菌属、螺杆菌属的相对丰度高于NC组,其中另枝菌属、螺杆菌属具有显著性差异。结论C57BL/6小鼠肠道菌群在长期高脂喂养后出现股骨骨小梁结构破坏,数量减少,骨密度降低,同时菌群构成发生显著变化。Objective To investigate the effects of long-term high-fat diet on bone mineral density and intestinal flora in mice.Methods Sixteen male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group(NC group)and high-fat group(HF group).After 24 weeks of high-fat feeding,biochemical indicators such as blood glucose and blood lipids were detected,bilateral femurs were taken and bone microstructure was analyzed with micro-computered tomography(micro-CT),and changes of intestinal microbial composition and proportion were revealed using 16S rDNA sequencing technology.Results Compared with the control group,the serum total cholesterol(TC)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in HF group were significantly increased.Micro-CT uncovered that the bone mineral density(Tb.BMD),bone volume fraction(BV/TV)and the number of trabecular bone(Tb.N)decreased,yet structural model index(SMI)and the trabecular fraction(Tb.Sp)increased in the HF group mice.The gut microbiota 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that the proportion of Proteobacter was significantly increased and the proportions of pachycete,warty microbacterius,and actinomycete were reduced in HF group at the phyla level.The proportion of Bacteroidetes S24-7_norank in the NC group was significantly higher than that in the HF group,and the multilevel discriminant analysis of species differences(LEfSe)identified that the difference was significant,yet the proportion of Bacteroides,Pseudo-Prevotella,Desulfovibrio,Altobacter,and Helicobacter in the HF group were higher than those in the NC group,which were significant differences in Altobacter and Helicobacter at genus level.Conclusion Long-term high-fat feeding can cause the destruction of femoral trabecular structure,decrease in the number of trabeculus bones,and bone mineral density in C57BL/6 mice.It also leads to significant changes in the composition and proportion of the intestinal flora.

关 键 词：高脂血症 骨质疏松 肠道菌群 微生物16S rDNA测序 MICRO-CT 

分 类 号：R151.41[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]