新旧法家异同论  

On Similarities and Differences between Old and New Legalists

作　　者：喻中 Yu Zhong

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学法学院

出　　处：《国学学刊》2022年第3期40-48,139,共10页Research in the Traditions of Chinese Culture

摘　　要：在重新认识法家的进程中,有必要着眼于法家的古今之变,比较新旧法家之异同。从相同或相似、相近的方面来看,新旧法家都追求国家富强,希望在列国竞争的格局中维护国家的生存与安全;都注重政治整合,以保障国家的政治中枢对国家内部各种资源的调配与控制;都偏好以法治国,要求通过法的创立及实施,以保障国家主导的核心目标或中心任务。新旧法家之异主要体现在:它们分别回应的新旧战国格局不同,新法家是新战国的产物,旧法家是旧战国的产物;它们分别吸取的思想资源不同,就新法家的思想资源来看,来自西方的国家主义占据了较为重要的地位,旧法家的思想资源主要出于华夏固有的、特别是殷商以降的思想传统;它们分别依赖的经济基础不同,新法家是工商经济及工业生产方式的产物,旧法家是农耕经济及农耕生产方式的产物,这两种不同的经济基础分别支撑了作为上层建筑的新法家与旧法家。In the process of re-understanding Legalists,it is necessary to focus on the ancient and modern changes of Legalists and compare the similarities and differences between the old and new Legalists. From the same or similar aspects,both old and new Legalists pursue the prosperity and strength of the country and hope to maintain the survival and security of the country in the pattern of competition among countries;both pay attention to political integration to ensure the allocation and control of various resources within a country by the country ’s political center;Both of them prefer to rule the country by law,which requires the establishment and implementation of law to ensure the core goal led by the state. The differences between the old and new Legalists are mainly reflected in: they responded to the different patterns of the old and new Warring States periods,the new Legalists were the products of the new Warring States period,and the old Legalists were the products of the old Warring States period. The thought resources they absorbed were different. In terms of the thought resources of the new Legalists,nationalism from the West occupied a more important position. The thought resources of the old Legalists were mainly derived from the inherent ideological tradition of China. They rely on different economic bases. The new Legalists are the products of industrial and commercial economy,and the old Legalists are the products of agricultural economy. These two different economic bases support the new Legalists and the old Legalists as superstructure respectively.

关 键 词：法家 新法家 战国 富强 以法治国 

分 类 号：B226[哲学宗教—中国哲学]