元谋干热河谷区不同年限平沟建园地土壤水分物理性质研究  

Physical properties of soil moisture of gully reclamation project with different implementation year in Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley Area

作　　者：张斌艳 熊东红[2] 李小英[1] 刘琳 张宝军[2] 唐永发 史亮涛[4] ZHANG Bin-yan;XIONG Dong-hong;LI Xiao-ying;LIU Lin;ZHANG Bao-jun;TANG Yong-fa;SHI Liang-tao(College of Ecology and Environment,Southwestern Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Hazards and Earth Surface Process,Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya'an,Sichuan 625014,China;Research Institute for Tropical Ecoagricultural Sciences,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuanmou,Yunnan 651300,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生态与环境学院,昆明650224 [2]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,成都610041 [3]四川农业大学水利水电学院,四川雅安625014 [4]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,云南元谋651300

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第8期1870-1877,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院先导专项A专题(XDA20020401)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究平沟建园工程实施不同年限后土壤水分物理性质的变化规律。【方法】选取了4个相邻的不同年限(0.5、5、10、15年)平沟建园典型样地及1个自然荒沟坡面对照样地(CK),对0~60 cm土层土壤的基本理化性质和持、蓄水性能进行研究。【结果】平沟建园工程实施后各土层容重较对照均显著提高,实施后期(10、15年)40~60 cm土层容重增加更为显著,且该土层总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度较对照显著降低;随实施年限增加容重呈增加趋势,孔隙度呈减小趋势,且容重5~10年内急剧增加后趋于稳定,孔隙度则在10年后急剧减小。饱和导水率在工程实施前期(0.5、5年)呈增加趋势,后期则呈减小趋势,且其40~60 cm土层下降趋势更显著;随年限增加,饱和导水率呈先增加后减小趋势,实施5年样地达最大值。工程实施前期仅0~40 cm土层饱和持水量、毛管持水量、田间持水量、饱和蓄水量和毛管蓄水量较对照呈减小趋势,后期则各土层均一致减小,且后期40~60 cm土层上述指标下降趋势更显著;上述指标均随年限呈先增加后减小趋势,建园伊始持、蓄水量缓慢上升,实施5年达最大值后逐渐下降。【结论】不同年限平沟建园工程的实施对0~60 cm土层水分物理性质均有一定影响,且对10、15年样地40~60 cm土层影响更为显著,开发10年后土壤结构明显变差,土壤质量有退化趋势。本研究结果可为综合评估平沟建园工程影响提供基础数据,也能为后续平沟建园地的开发和利用提供指导。【Objective】This paper aimed to explore the changing laws of soil moisture physical properties after the implementation of the gully reclamation project with different years.【Method】Four adjacent gully reclamation project with different implementation year(0.5, 5, 10, 15 years) were selected for this study, with a natural bare gully slope as control plot(CK), the basic physicochemical properties and water holding capacity of the soil at a depth of 0-60 cm were experimentally studied.【Result】After the implementation of the gully reclamation project, the bulk density of each soil layer was significantly increased compared with the control, the bulk density of the 40-60 cm soil layer increased more significantly in the later period of implementation year(10,15 years), and the total porosity of the soil layer and the capillary porosity was significantly lower than the control;With the increase of the implementation year, the bulk density showed a significant increase trend, the porosity showed a significant decreasing trend, moreover the bulk density increased dramatically within 5-10 implementation year and then stabilized, while the porosity decreased dramatically after 10 years. Saturated hydraulic conductivity showed an increasing trend in the early stage with project implementation year(0.5, 5 years), and relatively decreased in the later stage, and its 40-60 cm soil layer declined more significantly;With the increase of implementation year, the saturated hydraulic conductivity increased initially and decreased thereafter, the maximum value was achieved after 5 years of implementation. The saturated water holding capacity, capillary water holding capacity, field water holding capacity, saturated water storage and capillary water storage of 0-40 cm soil layer decreased in the early stage of the project compared with the control, the decline trend of the above indexes were more significant in 40-60 cm soil layer in the later period of implementation year;All the above-mentioned indexes increased initial

关 键 词：冲沟 侵蚀劣地 平沟建园 土壤水分物理性质 干热河谷 

分 类 号：S152.5[农业科学—土壤学]