基于SSR标记的花菜类作物遗传多样性及群体结构分析  

Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of cauliflower crops based on SSR markers

作　　者：卢俊浩 张婷 张鹏[3] 木万福[4] 杨龙[4] 张建华[5] 黄晓蓉 寸婕 管俊娇[5] LU Jun-hao;ZHANG Ting;ZHANG Peng;MU Wan-fu;YANG Long;ZHANG Jian-hua;HUANG Xiao-rong;CUN Jie;GUAN Jun-jiao(Insititute of Resorce Plants,Yunnan University,Kunming 650504,China;Yunnan Seed Management Station,Kunming 650031,China;Quality Standards and Detection Technology Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Tropical Ecological Agriculture Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuanmou,Yunnan 651300,China;Food Crops Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源植物研究院,昆明650504 [2]云南省种子管理站,昆明650031 [3]云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,昆明650205 [4]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,云南元谋651300 [5]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第8期1887-1894,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技人才和平台计划(2017HB087);云南省科技重大专项(2019ZG001)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解花菜类种质的遗传基础,分析种质群体的亲缘关系,为花菜育种提供参考。【方法】选用22对SSR引物,利用毛细管电泳荧光检测技术对96份花菜类种质材料进行遗传多样性分析,根据Nei’s遗传距离和非加权配对法(UPGMA)进行聚类分析以及以Structure软件的混合模型聚类法推断材料构成群体的遗传结构。【结果】22对引物在96份材料中共扩增出91个等位位点,平均每对引物为4.136个。从22对引物中筛选出了10对条带清晰、稳定性好的多态性引物,可用于花菜类作物种质资源的鉴定和研究。根据花球性状,将材料分为青花菜(24份)以及花椰菜(72份)2个组群,经多态性分析,2个组群的观察等位基因数值(Na)分别为2.727和3.091;有效等位基因数(Ne)分别为1.910和1.841;Shannon’s指数(I)分别为0.675和0.667,说明这2个组群的遗传多样性均不够丰富。聚类分析也将96份材料分为2个组群,第Ⅰ组为24份青花菜材料,包括1份西兰苔杂交种和23份青花菜杂交种;第Ⅱ组为72份花椰菜材料,包括29份花椰菜自交系、36份花椰菜杂交种和7份花椰菜主栽品种。花椰菜自交系被分到了4个亚群,但在各亚群中材料之间的遗传距离较小,杂交组配时,选用不同亚群的自交系进行组配,以获得更大的杂交优势。群体结构分析中,当K=2时,ΔK出现明显的峰值,最大值为1658.48,为最佳群体组群数,与聚类分析结果基本一致。且96份材料的Q值均大于0.6,说明该花菜资源的遗传结构较为单一。【结论】所参试材料种质群体内遗传多样性不够丰富,遗传背景单一,亟需重视对遗传背景差异大、亲缘关系远的种质资源的发掘利用,加强种质材料共享和交流,促进花菜种业发展。【Objective】This study aimed to understand the genetic basis of cauliflower germplasm and analyze the genetic relationship of cauliflower germplasm, and provide reference for cauliflower breeding.【Method】 22 pairs of SSR primers were selected, and the genetic diversity of 96 cauliflower germplasm materials was analyzed by capillary electrophoresis fluorescence detection technology.Furthermore, cluster analysis model was performed according to the Nei’s genetic distance and unweighted pairing method(UPGMA), the genetic structure of population material was inferred by the mixed model clustering method of Structure software. 【Result】A total of 91 alleles were amplified from 22 primer pairs in 96 materials with an average of 4.136 alleles per primer pair. 10 pairs of polymorphic primers with clear bands and good stability were screened from 22 pairs of primers and used to identify and investigate the cauliflower germplasm resources. In light of the characters of flower head, the materials were divided into two groups: Broccoli(24 samples) and cauliflower(72 samples). Furthermore, the polymorphism analysis showed that the observed allele values(Na) of the two groups were 2.727 and 3.091, respectively, and the effective alleles numbers(Ne) were 1.910 and 1.841, respectively, indicating that the genetic diversity of those two groups was not rich enough. According to the cluster analysis, 96 cauliflower materials were divided into two subgroups. The Ⅰ subgroup consisted of 24 broccoli materials, including 1 broccoli moss hybrid and 23 broccoli hybrids. Meanwhile, the Ⅱ subgroup consisted of 72 cauliflower materials, including 29 cauliflower inbred lines, 36 cauliflower hybrids, and 7 cauliflower main varieties. The cauliflower inbred lines were divided into four groups, however, the genetic diversity was narrowed in each group material. Hence, the inbred lines of different groups should be selected for gaining the greater heterosis in the term of cross combination. In the group structure analysis, when t

关 键 词：花菜 SSR标记 遗传多样性 群体结构 

分 类 号：S635[农业科学—蔬菜学]