4个绿化树种叶片和枝条重金属含量差异研究  

Study on the Difference of Heavy Metal Contents in Leaves and Branches of Four Landscaping Tree Species

作　　者：周婷婷 刘文建 王静 郭军康 李姗 ZHOU Ting-ting;LIU Wen-jian;WANG Jing(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710021)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第19期89-94,98,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西科技大学“青年拔尖”人才支持项目(126022037)。

摘　　要：[目的]了解不同车流量区域中不同园林绿化树种对不同重金属的吸收情况,探讨其影响因素。[方法]选取陕西科技大学校园内外红叶石楠、女贞、冬青和广玉兰4个园林绿化树种展开相关调查。分别选取校园内无车流、校园外车流较大处4个树种的叶片和枝条为研究对象,利用电感耦合等离子体光谱仪对叶片和枝条内重金属(铬、镍、锌、铜、铅、镉)含量进行分析,使用扫描电子显微镜对其叶片上下表皮形态结构进行观察。[结果]4个树种对Zn的吸收能力显著高于其他5种重金属,校园外红叶石楠叶片对Cr、Cu、Ni的吸收能力较强,红叶石楠枝条对Ni的吸收能力较强,广玉兰枝条对Cu的吸收能力较强;校园内冬青叶片对Cd的吸收能力较强。广玉兰枝条中的Zn含量校园内显著高于校园外,广玉兰叶片及其他树种叶片和枝条的重金属含量在校园内外无明显差异。校园内外不同树种叶片和枝条中重金属含量部分有显著差异,且因重金属种类而异。不同园林绿化树种叶片表皮具有不同的形态结构,叶表皮的蜡质结构、沟壑、脊柱、绒毛等增加了其表面粗糙度,从而吸滞不同的重金属元素颗粒。[结论]该研究结果为选择城市防污树种提供参考依据。[Objective]To understand the uptake of different heavy metals by different landscape tree species in regions of different traffic density and to explore their influencing factors.[Method]Four landscaping tree species,including Photinia serrulate,Ligustrum lucidum,Ilex chinensis,Magnolia grandiflora,were selected inside and outside the campus of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology to carry out related investigations.The leaves and branches of four tree species in the campus without traffic flow and outside the campus with large traffic flow were selected as the research objects,the contents of heavy metals(Cr,Ni,Zn,Cu,Pb,Cd)in leaves and branches were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma spectrometer,and the morphology and structure of the upper and lower epidermis of leaves were observed by scanning electron microscope.[Result]The absorption capacity of four tree species for Zn was significantly higher than the other five heavy metals,and the absorption capacity of the leaves of P.serrulate outside the campus for Cr,Cu and Ni was stronger,the absorption capacity of the branches of P.serrulate for Ni was stronger,the absorption content of the branches of M.grandiflora outside the campus for Cu was stronger,and the absorption capacity of the leaves of I.chinensis inside the campus for Cd was higher.The Zn content in the branches of M.grandiflora was significantly higher outside the campus than inside the campus,there were no significant differences for content of other heavy metals in leaves of M.grandiflora.nor between branches and leaves of other species inside and outside the campus.The content of heavy metals in the leaves and branches of different tree species inside and outside the campus partially differed significantly,and varied according to the type of heavy metals.The leaf epidermis of different landscaping tree species had different morphological structures,and the waxy structure,furrows,ridges and villi of the leaf epidermis increased the roughness of the leaf surface,thus absorbing differen

关 键 词：园林绿化树种 叶片 枝条 重金属 含量 吸收能力 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]