飞行器空气舵系统的高效刚度分配优化方法研究  

AN EFFICIENT STIFFNESS ALLOCATION OPTIMIZATION OF AIR RUDDER SYSTEM

作　　者：施松浩 黄锐[1] 唐念华[2] 刘博[2] Shi Songhao;Huang Rui;Tang Nianhua;Liu Bo(State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,南京210016 [2]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076

出　　处：《动力学与控制学报》2022年第5期59-65,共7页Journal of Dynamics and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11972180,12022203)。

摘　　要：空气舵系统是飞行器典型操纵部件,其伺服作动器、连杆、摇臂、舵轴和舵面等子结构对空气舵系统的整体刚度有着不同程度的贡献,合理分配各子结构的刚度,可使空气舵系统的整体刚度得到进一步优化.本文提出了一种基于多体系统传递矩阵法和遗传算法相结合的空气舵系统高效刚度分配优化方法.首先,基于多体系统传递矩阵法建立了以结构尺寸和材料属性为参数的高效结构动力学计算模型,仿真结果表明,基于该计算模型所预测的空气舵第一阶俯仰模态固有频率与商业软件计算结果的误差仅为1.06%.其次,基于本文建立的高效结构动力学计算模型对各子结构刚度对空气舵系统动力学特性的贡献进行了灵敏度分析,给出了各部件对系统固有频率贡献的规律.最后,采取将遗传算法和多体系统传递矩阵法相结合的思路,以所建立的空气舵高效结构动力学模型为适应度函数,各子部件尺寸作为待优化变量,空气舵系统整体质量为约束条件,对空气舵系统各个子结构的刚度分配进行了优化.优化结果表明,在保持空气舵系统整体重量不变的条件下,可将空气舵系统第一阶俯仰模态固有频率提高约15.8%.Air rudder system is a typical control part of aircraft,and its substructures,such as servo actuator,connecting rod,rocker arm,rudder shaft,and rudder surface,contribute to the overall stiffness of the air rudder system in different degrees.The overall stiffness of the air rudder system can be significantly optimized by reasonably allocating the stiffness of each substructure.An efficient stiffness allocation optimization method based on combination of transfer matrix method of multi-body system and genetic algorithm is proposed in this paper.Firstly,an efficient structural dynamic model with structure sizes and material properties as parameters is established based on the transfer matrix method of a multi-body system.The simulation results show that the error between the natural frequency of the first pitch mode predicted by the model and calculated by commercial software is only 1.06%.Secondly,based on the efficient structural dynamic model established in this paper,sensitivity analysis of contribution of the stiffness of each substructure to dynamic characteristics of the air rudder system is carried out,and the law of contribution of each component to the natural frequency of the system is given.Finally,combination of genetic algorithm and transfer matrix method of multi-body system is adopted,and stiffness allocation of substructures is optimized by taking the established high-efficiency structural dynamics model of the air rudder as the fitness function,the size of each substructure as the variable to be optimized,and the weight of the air rudder system as the constraint condition.The optimization results show that the natural frequency of the first pitch mode of the air rudder system can be increased by about 15.8%while keeping the overall weight of the air rudder system unchanged.

关 键 词：空气舵 刚度分配 优化方法 遗传算法 传递矩阵法 

分 类 号：V421.6[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]