基于粒径分布的直喷汽油车颗粒物排放特性研究  

Research on Particle Emission Characteristics of Direct In-jection Gasoline Vehicles Based on the Particle Size Distribution

作　　者：蒋晓寒 谭建伟[1] 徐长建 葛蕴珊[1] 郝利君[1] 王欣[1] 李家琛 Jiang Xiaohan;Tan Jianwei;Xu Changjian;Ge Yunshan;Hao Lijun;Wang Xin;Li Jiachen(School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081;Chongqing Chang-an Automobile Company Limited,Chongqing 400023)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081 [2]重庆长安汽车股份有限公司,重庆400023

出　　处：《汽车工程》2022年第10期1609-1618,共10页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52172337)资助。

摘　　要：以一辆配备了尾气颗粒物捕集器的国VI标准缸内直喷汽油车(gasoline direct injection vehicle,GDIV)为研究对象,使用颗粒物冷凝生长计数器(condensation particle counters,CPC)和电子低压冲击器(electrostatic low voltage impactor,ELPI+)两种仪器测量尾气中不同粒径范围的颗粒物数量(particle number,PN)排放浓度。在底盘测功机上进行世界轻型汽车测试循环(worldwide harmonized light vehicle test cycle,WLTC)冷起动试验,试验结果显示,在WLTC循环试验超高速段中ELPI+_29~2500 nm比CPC_23~2500 nm的测量结果高出1个数量级,ELPI+_6~29 nm超细颗粒物作为PN排放主体占比高达97.5%;在热起动条件下WLTC循环高速段和超高速段试验表明,发动机原排恶劣、汽油机颗粒捕集器的持续再生反应导致大量超细颗粒物排放。为降低汽车颗粒物排放对环境及人体健康的影响,需对车辆尾气颗粒物粒径分布进行深入研究,并对23 nm以下超细颗粒物进行更多的关注。Taking a national VI standard gasoline direct injection vehicle(GDIV)equipped with an ex‐haust particulate filter as the research object,the particle number(PN)emission concentration of different particle size ranges in the exhaust gas is measured by two instruments,namely,condensation particle counters(CPC)and electrostatic low voltatge impactor(ELPI+).The worldwide harmonized light vehicle test cycle(WLTC)cold-start test is carried out on a chassis dynamometer,and the test results show that in the ultra-high-speed section of the WLTC cycle test,the measurement results of ELPI+_29~2500 nm is 1 order of magnitude higher than that of CPC_23~2500 nm,with ELPI+_6~29 nm ultrafine particulate matter as the main body of PN emission accounting for up to 97.5%.Under hot start conditions,the high-speed section and ultra-high-speed section of the WLTC cycle show that the poor original exhaust of the engine and the continuous regeneration reaction of the gasoline engine particu‐late trap lead to large amount of ultra-fine particulate matter emission.To reduce the impact of vehicle particulate matter emissions on the environment and human health,it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the particle size distribution of vehicle exhaust particles,and pay more attention to ultra-fine particles below 23 nm.

关 键 词：缸内直喷汽油车 国Ⅵ 粒径分布 WLTC PN排放 超细颗粒物 

分 类 号：U464.171[机械工程—车辆工程]