不同供钙水平对刺梨苗生长、矿质元素吸收及相关生理生化特性的影响  

Effects of different calcium supply levels on growth, mineral element absorption and related physiological and biochemical characteristics of Rosa roxburghii seedlings

作　　者：杨婳若 樊卫国[1,2] YANG Huaruo;FANWeiguo(Agricultural College of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Engineering Technology Research Centre for Rosa Roxburghii of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵阳550025 [2]国家林业与草原局刺梨工程技术研究中心,贵阳550025

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第10期1891-1902,共12页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家林草局刺梨工程技术研究中心运行项目(2019133002)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同供钙水平对刺梨(Rosa roxburghii Tratt.)苗生长、养分吸收及相关生理特性的影响,为揭示刺梨的需钙特性、生态适应性和养分管理提供依据。【方法】采用基质培养方法,设0、50、100、150、200、250 mg·L^(-1)6个处理,研究不同供钙水平对刺梨苗生长和根系形态,矿质元素吸收,叶和根中硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、酸性磷酸酶(APase)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性,丙二醛(MDA)含量和根系活力的影响。分析不同供钙水平与上述指标的相关性,计算上述指标的隶属函数值。【结果】在50 mg·L^(-1)供钙水平下,刺梨苗的株高、基径、生物量及根的总长度、总表面积、总体积、平均直径及总根尖数最大,N、P、K、Fe、Cu、Zn、B的含量最高,所有的生长及相关生理生化指标的隶属函数值最大,综合排名也最高。供钙水平与刺梨苗中Ca含量呈极显著正相关,不供钙和供钙水平过高会抑制刺梨苗的生长,明显减少除Ca以外的矿质元素吸收,抑制叶和根中NR、GS、SOD、CAT、POD的活性及根系活力,但APase活性有所增强,MDA含量明显提高。供钙水平高于100 mg·L^(-1)以上的处理,刺梨苗生物量比不供钙的还少。【结论】刺梨对钙具有奢侈吸收的特性,但对钙的需求量并不高,对低钙或者高钙胁迫都具有一定的适应和忍耐能力。缺钙或供钙水平过高会减弱刺梨苗中养分酶和细胞保护酶的活性,降低根系活力,改变根系的正常形态,抑制矿质元素的吸收,不利于刺梨苗的生长。【Objective】Rosa roxburghii Tratt. is widely cultivated in Karst areas of Guizhou, where calcium contents in soil are very high and varied. So far, the calcium requirement characteristics, adaptability to low or high calcium levels, and the effects of calcium deficiency or excessive calcium supply on growth, mineral element absorption and related physiology of R. roxburghii have been unclear. To explore the effects of different calcium levels on the growth, mineral element absorption and related physiological and biochemical characteristics of R. roxburghii seedlings, the experiment was undertaken,which was beneficial to not only understanding the calcium requirement characteristics, but also revealing adaptability and physiological and biochemical mechanism of R. roxburghii seedlings in calcium-deficient or calcium-excessive environments. Furthermore, this research can provide physiological basis for nutrient management and help to develop regulation practices for the cultivation of R. roxburghii in Karst areas.【Methods】In this research, the seedlings of R. roxburghii Tratt. Guinong 5 were treated with different calcium supply levels by substrate situation method. Six different calcium supply levels(0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg · L^(-1)) were applied in this experiment. The growth indexes, the root morphological indexes and root activity, the content of mineral elements in whole plants, the activities of NR, GS, APase, SOD, CAT, POD and the content of MDA in leaves and roots were determined. The correlation between different calcium supply levels and the above indexes were analyzed, and the subordinate function values of the above indexes were calculated.【Results】The results showed that the R.roxburghii seedlings treated with 50 mg·L^(-1) calcium supply level performed the best as compared with other treatments, with the biggest plant height and base diameter, the greatest biomass of whole plant,shoot and root, and the largest total root length, total root surface area, total root volume, root av

关 键 词：刺梨 钙水平 生长 矿质元素吸收 生理生化特性 

分 类 号：S661.9[农业科学—果树学]