DNA甲基化在猪胚胎发育过程中的研究进展  

Research Progress of DNA Methylation during Porcine Embryonic Development

作　　者：甘建宇 张芯 蔡更元 洪林君 黄思秀 GAN Jianyu;ZHANG Xin;CAI Gengyuan;HONG Linjun;HUANG Sixiu(National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry,College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院国家生猪种业工程技术研究中心,广州510642

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2022年第10期3287-3295,共9页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(2022A1515011131);广东省乡村振兴战略专项“广东省畜禽地方品种保护与开发利用提升工程”。

摘　　要：猪的胚胎发育需要经历受精、卵裂、孵化、形态转变、附植、器官分化等一系列重要的生理阶段。虽然在胚胎发育过程中基因的严格表达与正确指导是胚胎能否正常发育的决定性条件,但研究表明DNA甲基化修饰对胚胎的发育也起着必不可少的作用。DNA甲基化是一种常见且重要的表观遗传修饰,虽然不改变DNA的一级序列,但也包含可遗传信息,并在基因的转录调控中起重要作用。在猪的胚胎发育中,DNA甲基化呈现出高度动态的过程,这一过程受孕期母体营养和发育环境条件影响。本文将从胚胎早期发育、体细胞核移植和孕期母体营养三个方面来阐述DNA甲基化对胚胎发育的影响,为进一步研究猪胚胎在发育过程中的DNA甲基化机制和提高体细胞核移植的成功率提供参考。Embryonic development in pigs requires a series of crucial physiological stages such as fertilization,cleavage,hatching,morphological transformation,implantation,and cellular differentiation.While a tightly regulated and accurately directed genome is a determining condition for normal embryonic development,recent studies have revealed that appropriate DNA methylation modification also plays an essential role in this process.DNA methylation is a wide and crucial epigenetic modification that does not alter the primary sequence of DNA.However,it contains heritable information and plays an indispensable role in the transcriptional regulation of genes.DNA methylation appears to be a highly dynamic process,influenced by maternal nutrition and developmental conditions in porcine embryonic development.This review describes the effects of DNA methylation on embryonic development from three aspects:early embryonic development,somatic cell nuclear transfer and maternal nutrition during pregnancy,in order to provide references for further research on the mechanism of DNA methylation in porcine embryos during development and to improve the viability of cloned embryos.

关 键 词：猪 DNA甲基化 胚胎发育 体细胞核移植 孕期营养 印记基因 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]