低蛋白日粮补充天冬氨酸对断奶至育肥阶段猪生长性能及肉品质性状的影响  

Effects of Aspartic Acid Supplementation in Low-protein Diets on Growth Performance and Meat Quality Traits of Pigs from Weaning to Fattening

作　　者：关鹏 王晨昱 胡鲜 何流琴 李建中[1] 李铁军[2,3] GUAN Peng;WANG Chenyu;HU Xian;HE Liuqin;LI Jianzhong;LI Tiejun(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation,College of Life Science,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院动物肠道功能湖南省重点实验室,长沙410081 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室,长沙410125 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2022年第10期3500-3510,共11页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31902168;31872371);广西重点研发计划(2021AB33022;桂科AB19259012);湖南省“湖湘青年英才”计划项目(2020RC3052);湖南省重点研发(2020NK2059;2022NK2023);广西桂林市科技计划项目(2020010901)。

摘　　要：旨在研究低蛋白日粮补充天冬氨酸对断奶至育肥阶段猪生长性能、血液生化指标和游离氨基酸、养分表观消化率以及肉品质性状的影响。选取20头45日龄,体重相近((10.93±0.79)kg)的健康三元杂交(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪,随机分成两组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头猪,仔猪单栏饲养,试验期84d。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型低蛋白基础日粮,试验组饲喂在基础日粮中添加0.5%天冬氨酸的试验饲粮。结果表明:1)添加天冬氨酸可显著提高猪断奶阶段平均日增重(P<0.05)并极显著降低料重比(P<0.01),但在育肥和生长阶段对生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05);2)添加天冬氨酸可显著提高断奶阶段血清白蛋白水平和碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.05),但对生长和育肥阶段血液生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);3)添加天冬氨酸可显著降低断奶阶段血清中Pro、Met、Thr、Asp、His、Tyr含量(P<0.05)和提高Lys水平(P<0.01),生长阶段血清中Asp、Lys含量和育肥阶段Asp、Thr含量显著降低(P<0.05),对其他氨基酸含量无显著影响(P>0.05);4)天冬氨酸处理可使育肥猪总能、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、粗纤维表观消化率极显著升高(P<0.01);5)天冬氨酸处理可有效提高熟肉率(P<0.01)和背最长肌中MyHC1的mRNA表达水平(P<0.05)。综上可知,低蛋白日粮全程添加0.5%天冬氨酸可有效提高猪断奶阶段的生长性能,有利于促进其后期肌纤维的发育和改善其肉品质性状。The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aspartic acid supplementation in low-protein diets on growth performance,blood biochemical indexes and free amino acids,apparent digestibility of nutrients and meat quality traits in pigs from weaning to fattening.Twenty healthy three-way cross(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)weaned piglets at 45 days old with similar body weight((10.93±0.79)kg)were selected and randomly divide into two groups with 10 replicates in each group,1 pig per replicate,single piglet pen rearing.The experiment lasted for 84 days.The control group was fed with low-protein corn-soybean meal basal diet,and the test group was fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.5%aspartic acid.The results were showed as follows:1)The addition of aspartic acid significantly increased the average daily gain(P<0.05)and extremely significantly reduced the feed to gain ratio(P<0.01)of pigs at the weaning stage,but had no significant effect on the growth performance in the fattening and growth stages(P>0.05);2)The addition of aspartic acid significantly increased the serum ALB level and ALP activity in the weaning stage(P<0.05),but there was no significant effect on the blood biochemical indexes in the growth and fattening stages(P>0.05);3)The addition of aspartic acid significantly reduced the content of Pro,Met,Thr,Asp,His,Tyr in the serum(P<0.05)and increased the level of Lys(P<0.01)at the weaning stage,the content of Asp and Lys in the serum during the growth stage and the content of Asp and Thr in the fattening stage were significantly reduced(P<0.05),while there were no significant effect on the content of other amino acids(P>0.05);4)Aspartic acid treatment extremely significantly increased the apparent digestibility of total energy,crude protein,crude fat,crude ash and crude fiber of fattening pigs(P<0.01);5)Aspartic acid treatment effectively increased the cooked meat rate of pigs(P<0.01)and the mRNA expression level of MyHC 1 in the longissimus dorsi muscle(P<0.05).The above results showed that the a

关 键 词：天冬氨酸 猪 养分表观消化率 肉品质性状 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学]