聚乳酸(PLA)降解微生物及其降解酶  

Polylactic Acid(PLA)Degrading Microorganisms and the Degrading Enzymes

作　　者：陈仔君 赵彧瑾 苏婷婷[1] 王战勇 CHEN Zijun;ZHAO Yujin;SU Tingting;WANG Zhanyong(School of Petrochemical Engineering,Liaoning Shihua University,Fushun,Liaoning 113001,China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnoligy,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110065,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学,石油化工学院,辽宁抚顺113001 [2]沈阳农业大学,生物科学技术学院,辽宁沈阳110065

出　　处：《塑料》2022年第5期126-130,155,共6页Plastics

基　　金：辽宁省兴辽英才计划(XLYC180734)。

摘　　要：化石资源短缺和传统塑料废弃所造成的环境问题,使可生物降解塑料行业得到快速的发展。聚乳酸(PLA)是可生物降解塑料的典型代表。PLA由于其易于制造、具有较高的生物相容性和力学强度、优秀的可热塑性和可堆肥性等特点,被广泛应用于许多行业,已成为目前最具有吸引力的脂肪族聚酯之一。在大力鼓励应用可生物降解塑料PLA替代石油基塑料的同时,有关其可生物降解性的研究也受到了广泛关注。因此,对近年来PLA生物降解领域的研究进展进行了总结和概括,并且对PLA的降解机理及与其相关的降解微生物和降解酶进行了重点归纳和介绍。同时,对PLA生物降解的研究从实验室研究拓展至实际应用提出了部分设想。The environmental problems caused by the shortage of fossil resources and the abandonment of traditional plastics lead to the rapid development of biodegradable plastics industry.Poly(lactic acid)(PLA)is a typical representative of biodegradable plastics.PLA has been widely used in many industries due to its advantages such as easy manufacture,high biocompatibility,mechanical strength,excellent thermoplasticity and compostability,and has become one of the most attractive aliphatic polyesters at present.While the application of biodegradable plastics PLA to replace petroleum-based plastics is strongly encouraged,the research on biodegradability of PLA has also attracted extensive attention,the research progress of PLA biodegradation in recent years was summarized.The degradation mechanism of PLA and related degrading microorganisms and enzymes were also summarized and introduced.Some opinions on the future research of PLA biodegradation from laboratory to practical application were put forward.

关 键 词：聚乳酸 生物降解 降解微生物 降解酶 降解机理 

分 类 号：TQ323.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]