高速行驶时车内噪声抖动感的测试与诊断  

Measurement and Diagnosis of Fluctuation of Interior Noise of Vehicle at High Speed

作　　者：金岩[1,2] JIN Yan(China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd.Chongqing,401122,China;State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology Chongqing,400039,China)

机构地区：[1]中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司,重庆401122 [2]汽车噪声振动和安全技术国家重点实验室,重庆400039

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2022年第5期1017-1021,1041,共6页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

摘　　要：针对汽车声音品质问题,对某车型高速超车工况车内噪声抖动感的原因进行了测试分析和诊断。首先,对车内噪声的阶次进行分析,发现超车工况下车内存在2.00阶和2.24阶噪声,两者频率接近易发生调制而导致主观抱怨,并采用滤波回放结合主观评价的方式证明了这一结论;其次,对车身噪声传递函数进行测试,表明在发生调制的频率范围内车身的噪声传递函数较高,在外界激励下容易产生噪声辐射,通过传动系统的速比分析表明2.24阶的噪声来源于轮胎不均匀性的高阶激励;最后,选择了均匀性更好的轮胎进行了装车验证。研究结果表明:发动机激励产生的2.00阶噪声和轮胎激励下产生的2.24阶噪声发生调制是产生抖动感的根本原因;更换均匀性更好轮胎后,车内噪声调制现象消失,抖动度明显下降,主观评价显著改善。Measurement and diagnosis of vehicle interior noise fluctuation when the vehicle is running at high speed are carried out in this paper.The result of order analysis of the interior noise showed that there are 2.00 order and 2.24 order noise in the vehicle during overtaking process.The noise frequency of these two orders is close to each other,which is apt to cause subjective complaints caused by modulation phenomenon.This conclusion is proved by the combination filter playback with subjective evaluation of the interior noise with a high fidelity sound playback system.The test results of acoustic vibration transfer function show that the vehicle body is sensitive in the frequency range of modulation phenomena and it is apt to produce interior noise under external excitation.The speed ratio analysis of transmission system show that the 2.24 order noise comes from the higherorder excitation of tire non-uniformity.The modulation of 2.00 order noise originated from the engine excitation and the 2.24 order noise generated by tire excitation are the root causes of fluctuation feeling of interior noise at high speed.When using tires with good uniformity,the interior noise modulation disappears,the noise fluctuation decreases significantly,and the subjective rate is greatly improved.

关 键 词：车内噪声 抖动度 调制 轮胎均匀性 

分 类 号：TK401[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程] TH13[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]