microRNA在结直肠癌中的研究进展  

Research Progress of microRNA in Colorectal Cancer

作　　者：陈羲 路薇薇[2] 房静远[1] CHEN Xi;LU Wei-wei;FANG Jing-yuan(Shanghai Institute of Digestive Diseases of Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200001,China;Emergency Department of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院消化内科,上海市消化疾病研究所,上海200001 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院急诊科,上海200092

出　　处：《药物生物技术》2022年第4期408-413,共6页Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

摘　　要：结直肠癌是我国最为常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率和死亡率呈上升趋势,早期诊断及治疗是降低结直肠癌死亡率的关键。microRNA(miRNA)是细胞内源性单链非编码RNA,通过调控靶基因的表达参与细胞的生长、增殖、分化、凋亡等过程。广泛研究表明miRNA与结直肠癌的发生发展密切相关,文章就近年结直肠癌相关miRNA的最新研究予以概述,介绍miRNA的作用机制及其在结直肠癌中的表达失调情况及相关分子调控机制,miRNA作为结直肠癌诊断和预后生物标志物及对结直肠癌的治疗作用,以期为结直肠癌的临床诊断与治疗提供新的策略和方法。Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China,and the incidence and mortality rate are on the rise.Early diagnosis and treatment are the keys to reduce the mortality rate of colorectal cancer.MicroRNAs(miRNA)are endogenous single-stranded non-coding RNAs that participate in cell growth,proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis by regulating the expression of target genes.Extensive studies have shown that miRNAs are closely related to the development of colorectal cancer.In this article,the authors provide an overview of the recent studies on colorectal cancer-related miRNAs.Relevant literature in Chinese and foreign language databases were searched for terms such as“colorectal cancer,microRNA,colorectal adenoma,proto-oncogene,oncogene,biomarker”.The mechanisms of miRNAs and their dysregulated expression in colorectal cancer and related molecular regulatory mechanisms,and miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of colorectal cancer and their therapeutic effects on colorectal cancer were reviewed,in order to provide new strategies and methods for clinical diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer.microRNAs are involved in the regulation of cell development,proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,immune response and angiogenesis.microRNAs play an important role in tumorigenesis,development and treatment,acting as both pro-and anti-cancer factors.In clinical practice,various studies have demonstrated miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer and as targets for colorectal cancer therapy.miRNAs are involved in the process of colorectal cancer development through the interaction with proto-oncogenes,oncogenes,and other cancer-related genes.Meanwhile,miRNA has a certain potential in serving as a biomarker for colorectal cancer diagnosis and prognosis and in applying miRNA molecular therapy to improve the therapeutic effect and prognosis of colorectal cancer.Nevertheless,the miRNAs associated with colorectal cancer are not yet fully defined,and further res

关 键 词：MICRORNA 结直肠癌 原癌基因 抑癌基因 生物标志物 转移 诊断与治疗 预后 

分 类 号：R735[医药卫生—肿瘤]