航天员舱外活动虚拟现实训练系统研究  

Study on EVA Virtual Reality Training System for Astronauts

作　　者：陈学文[1] 张炎[1] 黄鹏[1] 赵阳 孔祥杰 晁建刚[1] CHEN Xuewen;ZHANG Yan;HUANG Peng;ZHAO Yang;KONG Xiangjie;CHAO Jiangang(National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2022年第5期675-682,共8页Manned Spaceflight

摘　　要：虚拟现实训练系统为舱外作业提供直观、逼真的视觉场景,是重要的舱外作业训练设备。针对航天员舱外作业训练需求,提出虚拟现实训练系统的总体结构,实现了基于物理的三维场景渲染、安全绳交互操作仿真、多人协同操作仿真等关键技术,构建虚拟现实训练系统并应用于舱外作业训练。对照SZ-12任务两次出舱活动,进行了航天员舱外作业训练感知一致性对比分析和航天员使用问卷调查。结果表明:该系统具有视觉感知一致性、操作感知近似性、听觉感知一致性、运动感知近似性的特点,已应用于SZ-12、SZ-13任务航天员的训练、机械臂联合演练及舱外协同指挥程序演练等。The virtual reality training system can provide intuitive and realistic visual scenes outside the cabin,which makes it an important training equipment for extravehicular activity(EVA)opera-tions.Based on the training needs of astronaut EVA operation,the overall structure of the virtual re-ality training system was proposed,and the key technology implementation methods such as physical-based 3D scene rendering,safety rope interactive operation simulation,and multi-person collabora-tive operation simulation were established.A virtual reality training system was constructed and then applied to the training of the space station EVA operations.Based on the two EVA missions of SZ-12,a comparative analysis of the perception consistency of astronauts’training and survey by ques-tionnaire of astronauts were carried out.The results showed that the system had the characteristics of visual perception consistency,operation perception similarity,auditory perception consistency,and motion perception similarity.The system was applied to the training,simulation test with space ro-botic arm,and command program exercises for extravehicular collaboration of SZ-12 and SZ-13 as-tronauts.

关 键 词：虚拟现实 出舱活动 航天员 航天员训练 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]