试论《盂兰盆经疏》在日本的传播与接受  

Research on the Spread and Acceptance of the Ullambana Sutra Annotation in Japan

作　　者：王荟媛 李铭敬[1] Wang Huiyuan;Li Mingjing

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学外国语学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2022年第5期104-112,158,共10页Journal of Chinese Culture

基　　金：中国人民大学研究生科学研究基金项目“试论《盂兰盆经》注疏对日本古典文学的影响”(项目编号:21XNH160)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《盂兰盆经》在东亚地区具有极为深远的影响,自其传世后,历朝高僧大德撰述《盂兰盆经》注疏甚多,其相关研究却寥寥无几。其中,唐代圭峰宗密禅师所造《盂兰盆经疏》影响尤为深远。该疏在平安时代末期文献《注好选》中已有引用痕迹,传入日本时间当在此之前。镰仓时代,日本派遣僧人赴中国留学,律僧俊芿和禅僧圆尔辨圆就是其中的佼佼者。二人都携带大批中国典籍返回日本,其中就包括《盂兰盆经疏》的注释书--宋代灵芝元照所撰的《盂兰盆经疏新记》。此后,以记通疏,日本僧人开始借助新记理解疏文,客观上促进了《盂兰盆经疏》的出版与传播。该疏亦对日本中世和近世时期的文学作品产生了一定的影响,其内容频繁为说话文学、唱导文学、佛经注疏和假名草子所征引。The Ullambana Sutra deeply and profoundly influences the East Asia. Since it handed down from ancient times, Eminent monks of old generations in different dynasties have kept interpreting and annotating it, however, relevant studies are rare. Among the interpretations and annotations about it,the Ullambana Sutra Annotation written by Zen master-Guifengzongmi has more extreme and profound influence. This annotation has been quoted in the literature of Chūkōsen at the end of Heian Period in Japan, this proves that the spreading time is earlier than this era. In Kamakura Period, Japan sent monks to China to study, Monk Shunjo of the school of Vinaya Buddhism and Monk Enni Ben’en of Zen are the outstanding characters among them. The two outstanding monks took a large number of Chinese classics to Japan when they returned home, the New Records of the Ullambana Sutra Annotation which was interpreted by Ling Zhi Yuan Zhao of the Song Dynasty was among the classics. Since then, Japanese monks began to comprehend the Ullambana Sutra through the New Records, it objectively promoted the publishing and spreading of the Ullambana Sutra Annotation. This annotation also impacted the literary works in Medieval and Early Modern Japan, the contents of the Annotation are frequently quoted by legendary & folklore literature, Buddhism moralizing literature, the Buddhism sutras annotations and kanazōshi.

关 键 词：域外汉籍传播 日本 宗密 《盂兰盆经疏》 《盂兰盆经疏新记》 

分 类 号：G125[文化科学]