干热河谷植物沙丘形态及植物功能性状特征与土壤分形维数的关系  

Rlationship between morphological and functional characteristics of phytogenic mounds and soil fractal dimensions in a dry-hot Jiangjiagou valley

作　　者：黄语芯 虞西尔 高若允 杨柳生 林勇明[1,2] 王道杰 李键 HUANG Yuxin;YU Xier;GAO Ruoyun;YANG Liusheng;LIN Yongming;WANG Daojie;LI Jian(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Key Laboratory for Forest Ecosystem Process and Management of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350002,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Conservancy,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [2]福建省高校森林生态系统过程与经营重点实验室,福州350002 [3]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2022年第4期1019-1026,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071132);中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(2019)资助。

摘　　要：为了解植物沙丘形态及植物功能性状特征对坡面泥沙拦截的作用机制,以干热河谷典型区蒋家沟流域为研究区,采用典型样地调查、野外实地观测和室内试验处理的方法,测定失稳性坡面42个植物沙丘(包括扭黄茅20株、拟金茅13株、丛毛羊胡子草9株)的形态特征、植物功能性状特征和沙丘土壤的颗粒组成,并运用分形理论计算分形维数,分析分形维数与植物沙丘形态特征及功能性状特征间的相关关系.结果表明:(1)3种植物沙丘的形态特征及植物的功能性状特征均无显著差异性.(2)3种植物沙丘间、沙丘与上方30 cm处的土壤各粒径百分比含量和分形维数均无显著差异.(3)干热河谷植物沙丘土壤颗粒的分形维数(D)与植物含水率、根系深度呈极显著正相关性(P <0.01),与沙丘长度显著正相关(P <0.05),与植物其他形态、功能性状特征和沙丘其他形态特征间均无显著相关性.上述研究表明不同植物沙丘各类特征间均无显著差异;沙丘未改变坡面原有土壤颗粒的分布特征;沙丘土壤分形维数可表征植物含水率、根系深度及沙丘长度的大小.结果有助于加深植物控制土壤侵蚀效应的认识,可为干热河谷水土流失治理提供科学依据.(图5表1参35)This study aimed to determine the mechanism of the morphological and functional characteristics of phytogenic mounds on sediment trapping, and to elucidate the relationship between the characteristics of phytogenic mounds and soil fractal dimensions. Using the methods of typical sample plot investigation, field observation, and laboratory tests, we determined the morphological and functional characteristics and soil particle composition of 42 phytogenic mounds(including 20 individuals of Heteropogon contortus, 13 individuals of Eulaliopsis binata, and 9 individuals of Eriophorum comosum) on unstable slopes in Jiangjiagou Valley,a typical dry-hot valley in West China. We also calculated the fractal dimensions of the soil of phytogenic mounds based on fractal theory and analyzed the correlation between fractal dimension and morphological and functional parameters of phytogenic mounds, which is helpful for understanding the effect of plant cover on soil erosion and providing a scientific basis for soil erosion control in dry-hot valley areas. The results showed that:(1) there was no significant difference in the morphological and functional characteristics of the three phytogenic mounds.(2) There was no significant difference in the soil particle size composition structure and fractal dimension among the three phytogenic mounds and between mounds and 30 cm upslope.(3) The fractal dimension(D) of the soil particles of phytogenic mound in the dry-hot valley was significantly positively correlated with plant water content, root length(P < 0.01), and mound length(P < 0.05). There were no significant correlations between other plant morphological characteristics and mound parameters. In general,there were no significant differences among the characteristics of the phytogenic mounds. The phytogenic mounds did not change the distribution of soil particle size on the slope. The fractal dimensions of phytogenic mounds can be used to characterize the water content of plants, root depth, and mound length.

关 键 词：干热河谷 植物沙丘 形态特征 功能性状特征 分形维数 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]