不同类型砧木嫁接对西瓜果实品质和镉含量的影响  

Effects of Different Types of Rootstocks on Fruit Quality and Cadmium Content of Grafted Watermelon

作　　者：邢乃林 严蕾艳 王毓洪 黄芸萍 XING Nai-lin;YAN Lei-yan;WANG Yu-hong;HUANG Yun-ping(Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ningbo 315040,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市农业科学研究院,浙江宁波315040

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2022年第8期17-21,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：浙江省农业(蔬菜新品种选育)新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02065);宁波市科技创新2025重大专项(2021Z006);国家西甜瓜产业技术体系(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：以西瓜实生苗(ZJ)为对照,采用印中杂交南瓜(S7)、中国南瓜(S111)、野生西瓜(Y1)和葫芦(TB)这4种不同类型的砧木嫁接,果实成熟后考察果实性状,检测果实果糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、番茄红素、瓜氨酸、V及镉含量,并测定根际土壤镉含量。结果表明,野生西瓜砧木嫁接可显著提高果实果糖、番茄红素含量等品质性状,降低蔗糖和土壤镉含量,但果实镉含量在国家食品安全标准内有一定提升。印中杂交南瓜砧木可同时降低果实和土壤镉含量,但对果实蔗糖、瓜氨酸和V含量具有显著降低效应。中国南瓜砧木显著提升了果实果糖和葡萄糖含量,降低了蔗糖和瓜氨酸含量,对果实镉含量降低最大。葫芦砧木对土壤镉含量降低最大,但显著降低了果实蔗糖、葡萄糖和瓜氨酸含量,并提升了镉含量。不同类型砧木嫁接对西瓜果实品质及根际土壤镉含量影响差异较大,应根据生产需要选择合适的砧木。In this study,watermelon seedling ZJ was used as control,and four different types of Rootstocks were grafted,including Indian Chinese hybrid pumpkin S7,Chinese pumpkin S111,wild watermelon Y1 and gourd TB.After fruit ripening,the fruit characters were investigated,and the contents of fructose,sucrose,glucose,lycopene,citrulline,Vand cadmium in fruit were detected.The content of cadmium in rhizosphere soil was determined.The results showed that the grafting of wild watermelon could significantly improve the content of fructose and lycopene,and reduce the content of sucrose and soil cadmium,but the content of cadmium in fruit was improved within the national food safety standards.Indian Chinese Hybrid Pumpkin can reduce the content of cadmium in fruit and soil at the same time,but it can significantly reduce sucrose,citrulline and Vin fruit.Chinese Pumpkin significantly increased the content of fructose and glucose,decreased the content of sucrose and citrulline,and decreased the content of cadmium in the fruit the most.Gourd had the greatest effect on the content of cadmium in soil,but significantly reduced the contents of sucrose,glucose and citrulline in fruit,and increased the content of cadmium.Different types of rootstocks have different effects on fruit quality and cadmium content in rhizosphere soil of watermelon,and appropriate rootstocks should be selected according to production needs.

关 键 词：瓜氨酸 番茄红素 镉 嫁接 果糖 西瓜 砧木 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]