塔克拉玛干沙漠西南缘城郊防护林防护效益——以叶城县为例  

Protection Benefits of the Suburban Shelterbelt in the Southwestern Margin of the Taklimakan Desert——A Case Study of Yecheng County

作　　者：买尔旦·阿不都卡德 阿丽亚·拜都热拉[1] 孙桂丽[2] 董中凯 Merdan·Abdukadir;Aliya·Baidurela;Sun Guili;Dong Zhongkai(Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第10期55-60,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971713)。

摘　　要：以叶城县城郊防护林为研究对象,对3种林带结构防护林不同风面风速、土壤风蚀量及理化性质的变化和防风、防风蚀效果进行探讨。结果发现:防护林疏透度不同林带防风及防土壤风蚀效果存在一定的差异,在紧密结构林带因林分枝叶从上到下都很稠密,风从林带上方越过,林带背风面形成一个静风区或弱风区,风速恢复的快,防护距离比较短,故不宜用作种植农作物。集沙量随高度的增加而减少,空旷沙地单位面积集沙量30 cm高处最多,100 cm高处集沙量最少;林带对沙子有一定的拦截作用,到林带背风面集沙仪器30 cm高集沙量减少75.27%。土壤风蚀与土壤含水率、粒径大小呈正相关,粒径大、含水率高的林带结构背风面土壤不易发生风蚀事件,单位面积风蚀量随含水量的增高而减少。Taking the shelter forest in the suburbs of Yecheng County as the research object, we studied the changes in wind speed, soil wind erosion and physical and chemical properties of the three forest belt structure shelter forests. The results show that there are certain differences in the effects of forest belts with different permeability of shelter belts in preventing wind and soil erosion. In a densely structured forest belt, the branches and leaves of the forest are dense from top to bottom, and the wind passes over the forest belt. In weak wind areas, the wind speed recovers quickly and the protection distance is relatively short, so it is not suitable for planting crops. The amount of sand collected decreased with the increase in height. The amount of sand collected per unit area of open sandy land is the most at a height of 30 cm, and the amount of sand collected at a height of 100 cm is the least;the forest belt has a certain interception effect on sand, and the amount of sand collected at 30 cm heightof the sand collection instrument was reduced by 75.27%. Soil wind erosion is positively correlated with soil moisture content and particle size. The soil on the leeward side of forest belt structure with large particle size and high moisture content is not prone to wind erosion events, and the amount of wind erosion per unit area decreases with the increase of water content.

关 键 词：防护林 林带结构 防风效果 土壤风蚀 粒径大小 

分 类 号：S775[农业科学—森林工程]