生物炭固定化复合菌群修复石油烃污染地下水  

Remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater by biochar immobilized bacterial consortia

作　　者：沈若非 肖娴 涂保华 朱显 朱雪松 郭梦炜 赵远 SHEN Ruofei;XIAO Xian;TU Baohua;ZHU Xian;ZHU Xuesong;GUO Mengwei;ZHAO Yuan(School of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou,213164,China;Jiangsu Puze Environmental Engineering Co.Ltd,Changzhou,213200,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,常州213164 [2]江苏普泽环境工程有限公司,常州213200

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第10期3435-3446,共12页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：常州大学学生课外创新创业基金(2020-C-08);江苏省研究生科研创新计划项目(KYCX20-2580);常州市科技支撑计划(社会发展)(CE20205002)资助.

摘　　要：随着能源工业化的高速发展,如今地下水石油烃污染趋势日益严重.本实验以柴油模拟地下水环境中石油烃C10—C40成分,筛选出两株可以高效降解地下水石油烃的菌株,分别为赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属(Lysinibacillus)和杆菌属(Bacillus).利用微生物固定化技术,把其制成了一种稳定性较高的基于吸附-降解功能为一体的石油烃降解材料.扫描电镜结果显示,该微生物固定化材料具有较为出色的吸附能力;降解动力学实验表明该材料降解石油烃符合二级动力学模型.采用单因素实验结合响应面法设计正交实验探索该材料最佳环境条件,结果表明,生物炭固定化石油烃降解菌在地下水中使用的最佳条件为:pH值6.93、石油烃初始浓度2803.17 mg·L^(−1)、固定化时间为26.96 h,固定化菌群投加量3.62 g,经过7 d后石油烃降解率可达70.51%.该微生物固定化材料能够较好的适应地下水高浓度石油烃环境,并且显著降低石油烃浓度,研究可对地下水石油烃的修复提供重要的参考依据.With the rapid development of energy industrialization,groundwater has been seriously contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbon.In this study,the C10—C40 components of petroleum hydrocarbons in the groundwater were simulated by diesel to screen two strains of efficient petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria,that is,Lysinibacillus and Bacillus.Then,the petroleum hydrocarbon degradation material with high stability of adsorption and degradation was prepared using microbial immobilization technology.Scanning electron microscopy results indicated that this material had excellent adsorption capacity.The degradation kinetics experiment showed that the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon followed the second-order kinetic model.Single-factor experiments combined with the response surface method were used to design the orthogonal experiment to explore the optimal conditions for the degradation of this material.By controlling the pH being 6.93,initial concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon being 2803.17 mg·L^(−1),immobilization time being 26.96 h,and the immobilized microorganisms inoculum being 3.62 g,the best degradation rate of 70.51%was obtained after 7 days.In conclusion,the microbial immobilization material can adapt to the high concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in groundwater,and significantly reduce the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons.Our study provides important references for the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in groundwater.

关 键 词：石油烃 微生物固定化技术 固定化菌群 响应面模型 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X523