河北省核桃主栽品种坚果特征分析与评价  

Analysis and evaluation of main Juglans regia cultivars characteristics in Hebei Province

作　　者：冯启科 王芳[1,2] 李津津 庞立欣 王红霞 FENG Qike;WANG Fang;LI Jinjin;PANG Lixin;WANG Hongxia(Mountainous Areas Research Institute,Technology Innovation Center for Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Science and Technology Institute,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学山区研究所,河北省山区农业技术创新中心,河北保定071000 [2]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071000 [3]河北农业大学科学技术研究院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2022年第4期378-383,共6页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001603);河北省重点研发计划项目(21326352D)。

摘　　要：以河北省9个主栽核桃品种为试材,通过对坚果表型特性及营养品质测定,进行相关性分析及主成分分析,明确了坚果品质的综合评价指标,并筛选出适栽品种。研究结果表明,“早硕”的单果重与侧径、“赞美”的核壳厚度、“辽宁1号”的出仁率及“西岭”的缝合线紧密度均显著高于其他品种;“清香”的蛋白质和黄酮含量、“辽宁8号”的油脂和多酚含量及“上宋6号”的可溶性糖含量显著高于其他品种。经相关性分析发现,单果重与缝合线紧密度呈显著负相关;多酚含量与可溶性糖含量呈显著正相关,与黄酮含量呈极显著正相关;坚果纵径与黄酮、多酚及可溶性糖呈显著正相关,坚果出仁率与多酚呈显著负相关。根据主成分分析法筛选出坚果的纵径、横径、单果重、缝合线紧密度、多酚、蛋白质和油脂含量作为品种评价的关键指标。采用筛选出的评价指标对9个核桃品种进行排序,“早硕”“辽宁1号”“清香”皆具有较好的坚果表现。To establish comprehensive evaluation index of nut quality and screen suitable cultivars,the correlation and principal component analysis were carried out on phenotype characteristics and nutritional quality of 9 main Juglans regia cultivars in Hebei Province.The results showed that the single fruit weight and vertical diameter of“Zaoshuo”,shell thickness of“Zanmei”,kernel percentage of“Liaoning 1”and shell seal scale of“Xiling”were significantly higher than those of other cultivars.The protein and flavone content of“Qingxiang”,oil and polyphenol content of“Liaoning 8”and soluble sugar content of“Shangsong 6”were significantly higher than those of other cultivars.The correlation analysis results showed that the single fruit weight was significantly negatively correlated with shell seal scale.The polyphenol content was significant positive correlation with soluble sugar content and was extremely significant positive correlation with flavone content.The vertical diameter was significant positive correlation with the contents of flavone,polyphenol and soluble sugar.The kernel percentage was significantly negatively correlated with polyphenol content.The principal component analysis showed that the vertical diameter,transverse diameter,single fruit weight,shell seal scale and the contents of polyphenol,protein and oil could be used as the key indexes for cultivar evaluation.The 9 J.regia varieties were sorted by the selected indexes,and the nuts of“Zaoshuo”“Liaoning 1”and“Qingxiang”had better quality.

关 键 词：核桃 坚果 表型性状 营养成分 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]