低浓度煤层气固体氧化物燃料电池性能分析及优化  

Performance and Optimization of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Using Low-Concentration Coal Mine Methane

作　　者：王鑫鑫[1] 周福宝[2] 凌意瀚 王祖婧 王绍荣[3] WANG Xinxin;ZHOU Fubao;LING Yihan;WANG Zujing;WANG Shaorong(School of Materials Science and Physics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China;Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学材料与物理学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学,煤矿瓦斯与火灾防治教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2022年第10期2599-2610,共12页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52104229);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021QN1105);江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室重大自主研究项目(2020ZDZZ02C);第二届腾讯基金会科学探索奖资助。

摘　　要：井下抽采煤层气的CH_(4)浓度低、具有爆炸风险,利用困难。为此提出了低浓度煤层气为燃料的固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)安全高效发电新方法,开展了可消除低浓度煤层气爆炸风险的变压吸附脱氧提浓实验和大尺寸SOFC单片电池堆实验,建立了SOFC多场耦合数值模型。结果表明:变压吸附可使CH_(4)体积分数提高1.36倍,脱氧率达84.5%,满足SOFC安全高效利用要求;低浓度煤层气燃料单电池功率密度达110.2 mW/cm2,但长期放电后阳极积碳,导致性能衰减;数值模拟表明降低放电电压、提高燃料O_(2)和CH_(4)体积比、减少阳极进气流速可减少积碳,但会降低发电性能。CH4 concentration of underground drainage coal mine methane is rather low,which is of the explosion risk and difficult to be used.Therefore,a safe and high-efficiency power generation method of low concentration coal mine methane(LC-CMM)was proposed based on the solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC).The deoxygenation and methane enrichment experiment based on the pressure swing adsorption(PSA)was conducted to eliminate the explosion risk of LC-CMM,the large-scale SOFC single cell experiment using the LC-CMM was carried out,and the multi-physics coupling model of SOFC was developed.The results show that the CH_(4) concentration can be increased by 1.36 times,the deoxygenation ratio can reach 84.5%through the PSA experiment,and the produced gas can meet the requirement of safe and efficient power generation of SOFC.The power density of large-scale single cell using LC-CMM can reach 110.2 mW/cm2,but the anodic carbon deposition occurs after the long-term discharging,thus causing the SOFC performance degradation.The results of numerical simulation show that the decrease of discharging voltage,the increase of volume ratio between O_(2) and CH_(4) of fuel and the decrease of fuel inlet rate can decrease the carbon deposition,but reducing the power generation performance of SOFC.

关 键 词：低浓度煤层气 固体氧化物燃料电池 积碳 脱氧提浓 多场耦合 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]