New insights into the immunologic role of oligodendrocyte lineage cells in demyelination diseases  

作　　者：Hui Li Yang Chen Jianqin Niu Chenju Yi 

机构地区：[1]Research Centre,the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Shenzhen 518107,China [2]Department of Histology and Embryology,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology,Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission,Third Military Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China

出　　处：《The Journal of Biomedical Research》2022年第5期343-352,共10页生物医学研究杂志（英文版）

基　　金：This work was supported by research grants from Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(Grants No.RCYX20200714114644167,JCYJ20190809161405495,and JCYJ20210324123212035);National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.81971309,32170980,and 32070964);Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grants No.2019A1515011333 and 2022B1515020012).

摘　　要：Oligodendrocyte lineage cells(OL-lineage cells)are a cell population that are crucial for mammalian central nervous system(CNS)myelination.OL-lineage cells go through developmental stages,initially differentiating into oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs),before becoming immature oligodendrocytes,then mature oligodendrocytes(OLs).While the main function of cell lineage is in myelin formation,and increasing number of studies have turned to explore the immunological characteristics of these cells.Initially,these studies focused on discovering how OPCs and OLs are affected by the immune system,and then,how these immunological changes influence the myelination process.However,recent studies have uncovered another feature of OL-lineage cells in our immune systems.It would appear that OL-lineage cells also express immunological factors such as cytokines and chemokines in response to immune activation,and the expression of these factors changes under various pathologic conditions.Evidence suggests that OL-lineage cells actually modulate immune functions.Indeed,OL-lineage cells appear to play both"victim"and"agent"in the CNS which raises a number of questions.Here,we summarize immunologic changes in OL-lineage cells and their effects,as well as consider OL-lineage cell changes which influence immune cells under pathological conditions.We also describe some of the underlying mechanisms of these changes and their effects.Finally,we describe several studies which use OL-lineage cells as immunotherapeutic targets for demyelination diseases.

关 键 词：OLIGODENDROCYTE oligodendrocyte precursor cell demyelination disease multiple sclerosis IMMUNOLOGY 

分 类 号：R741.02[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]