“查单词”与“查词典”之逻辑差异及其启示  

The Logical and Semantic Differences between “Looking up Words” and “Consulting Dictionaries” and Their Implications

作　　者：林有苗[1] LIN Youmiao(School of Foreign Languages,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院外国语学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《湖州师范学院学报》2022年第9期111-116,共6页Journal of Huzhou University

摘　　要：中国学者编撰的五种优秀英语词典和教材,在“查单词”“查词典”的英译表达或辨别上出现了明显偏误,这不能不引起我们的重视与反思。本研究发现,look up重在表达“查找”“核查”之义,后面跟随的词语应为“单词”“信息”“意义”等概念,即指代查寻的对象或目标(goal)。而consult/refer to则表达“查阅”“参照”之义,后面跟随的词语常为“词典”“文献”“笔记本”“百科全书”等概念,即指代查阅的范围或来源(source)。“查单词”与“查词典”之间存在着逻辑语义上的显著差异。它启示我们,英汉互译或词典教材编撰实践中,逻辑语义关系上的仔细辨析确实很有必要。词典及教材编撰上的质量监控管理,亦须及时跟上与加强。Some excellent Chinese-English dictionaries or English textbooks compiled by Chinese scholars have made obvious errors in the English expression or distinction of “looking up words” and “consulting dictionaries”,which cannot but arouse our attention and reflection.It is found that “look up” mainly expresses the meaning of “search for”,and the words followed by it should be such concepts as “word”, “information” and “meaning”,which refer to the goal of “search for”,while “consult/refer to” expresses the meaning of “search” and the words followed by them are generally “dictionary”, “literature” and “encyclopedia”,which indicate the scope or source of search.There are significant logical and semantic differences between “looking up words” and “consulting dictionaries”.It enlightens us that in the practice of English Chinese translation or dictionary compilation, careful discrimination of logical and semantic relations is indeed necessary.The quality control and management in the compilation of dictionaries and textbooks should also be kept up with and strengthened in time.

关 键 词：“查单词” “查词典” 逻辑语义关系 目标 来源 

分 类 号：H316[语言文字—英语]