基于PNA的生物传感技术最新研究进展  

Recent progress in PNA-based biosensing technology

作　　者：向治楚 李乐乐 赵宇亮[1,3] Zhichu Xiang;Lele Li;Yuliang Zhao(CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety,National Center for Nanoscience and Technology,Beijing 100190,China;College of Laboratory Medicine,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]国家纳米科学中心,中国科学院纳米生物效应与安全性重点实验室,北京100190 [2]重庆医科大学检验医学院,重庆400016 [3]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2022年第9期1592-1600,共9页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：北京自然科学基金(编号:JQ20005)资助项目。

摘　　要：肽核酸(PNA)是一种人工合成的核酸类似物,由沿假肽骨架排列的核碱基组成,能够将核酸编码遗传信息的能力与氨基酸编码蛋白质结构与功能的特性整合起来.PNA具有高生物稳定性和与互补核酸序列结合的高亲和力,可以通过特异性地与DNA或RNA杂交形成稳定的PNA-DNA或PNA-RNA杂合双链结构,因此有望克服传统核酸在生物医学领域应用中存在的功能相对单一和体内稳定性较差等缺陷.本文简要综述了PNA相对于传统核酸的独特性质及其在生物医学领域的应用,重点讨论了基于PNA与DNA相结合的化学与生物传感技术方面的最新研究进展,并对其进行了总结和展望.Peptide nucleic acid(PNA)is a synthetic oligonucleotide analog composed of nucleobases arrayed along a pseudopeptide backbone.It can integrate the power of nucleic acids to encode information with the versatility of amino acids to encode structure and function.PNA has high affinity and specificity for hybridizing with complementary nucleic acid sequences,leading to stable PNA-DNA or PNA-RNA duplex structures.PNA is expected to overcome the limitations of nucleic acids including low stability and specificity in biomedical applications.In this review,we firstly give a brief introduction to the unique properties of PNA and its biomedical applications.Next,we describe and highlight the recent progress in biosensing applications of PNA and DNA integration.Lastly,the future prospects and challenges are discussed.

关 键 词：肽核酸 核酸 多肽 分子探针 生物传感 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学]