贵州省农村低教育程度老年人认知储备的评价  

Evaluation of cognitive reserve among the elderly with low education in rural areas of Guizhou Province

作　　者：唐小艳 杨敬源[1] 杨星[1,2] 周全湘 陈豪 唐吉 曾黎 胡宇欣 夏彩霞 TANG Xiao-yan;YANG Jing-yuan;YANG Xing;ZHOU Quan-xiang;CHEN Hao;TANG Ji;ZENG Li;HU Yu-xin;XIA Cai-xia(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院流行病与卫生统计学系、环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室、贵州省卫生发展研究院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州医科大学医药卫生管理学院 [3]贵州黔南民族医药高等专科学校

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第20期3723-3729,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81860598)。

摘　　要：目的构建低教育水平老年人认知储备的评价方法,并分析其与认知功能的关联,为预防低教育程度老年人认知功能下降提供参考。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,选取贵州省2个县(区)内12个村庄共1654名60岁及以上老年人为对象,收集对象人口学、生活方式、社会支持、简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)评估等资料,采用探索性因子分析构建评价工具,验证性因子分析其结构效度,Spearman相关分析、多重线性回归分析认知储备与认知功能的关系。结果通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析,低教育程度老年人认知储备可由“获得帮助”“解决烦恼”“获得支持”“认知刺激”四个维度构成,其拟合度较好。基于本次构建的认知储备工具进行测量,其认知储备评分与整体认知功能及各领域之间存在相关性(P<0.001);调整相关协变量后,认知储备与认知功能之间仍存在关联(β=0.190,95%CI:0.123~0.257);年龄和教育程度分层后,除80岁及以上人群组外,认知储备评分与MMSE仍存在相关性(P<0.05);在不同年龄组中,认知储备高的个体其MMSE评分也较高。结论本次构建的认知储备评分与认知功能存在关联,工具能较好反映低教育水平老年人的认知储备,但其对认知功能下降的保护作用仍需要随访研究进一步证实。Objective To construct an evaluation method to measure cognitive reserve in the elderly with low education level,analyze its relationship with cognitive function,and provide reference for the prevention of cognitive decline in the elderly with low education level.Methods Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used,1654 elderly people aged 60 and over in 12 villages in two counties(districts)of Guizhou Province were selected as the research objects.The demographic,lifestyle,social support,Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)evaluation and other data were collected.The exploratory factor anal-ysis(EFA)was used to construct the evaluation tool,and confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)was used to analyze its structural validity.Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between cognitive reserve and cognitive function.Results According to exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis,the structure of cognitive reserve was composed of four dimensions:“getting help”,“solving troubles”,“getting support”,and“cognitive stimulation”,which had a good fitting degree.Based on the measurement of the cognitive reserve tool constructed in current study,there was a correlation between the cognitive reserve score and the overall cognitive function and various domains(P<0.001).After adjusting the relevant covariates,there was still a correlation between cognitive reserve and cognitive function(β=0.190,95%CI:0.123-0.257).After stratification of age and education level,there was still a correlation between cognitive reserve score and MMSE except in the group aged 80 years and above(P<0.05).In different age groups,individuals with high cognitive reserve also had higher MMSE scores.Conclusion The cognitive reserve score constructed in current study is asso-ciated with cognitive function,which can better reflect the cognitive reserve of the elderly with low education level.However,its protective effect on cognitive decline still needs to be further confi

关 键 词：低教育程度老年人 因子分析 认知储备 认知功能 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]