Sirt1调控上皮细胞衰老的研究进展  

Research progress on the regulation of epithelial cell senescence by Sirt1

作　　者：朱蜜蜜 高艳[1] 高玉光[1] ZHU Mimi;GAO Yan;GAO Yu-guang(Department of Stomatology,Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College,Binzhou 256600,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院附属医院口腔科,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2023年第2期142-146,共5页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81870738)。

摘　　要：在牙釉质发育过程中,成釉细胞过早衰老和凋亡是遗传性牙釉质发育不全的重要原因。沉默信息调节因子2相关酶1(silent matingtype information regulator 2 homolog 1,Sirt1)是一种依赖烟酰胺腺苷二核苷酸(nico⁃tinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD+)的脱乙酰酶,已被广泛报道参与调节细胞衰老。本文就Sirt1调控上皮细胞衰老研究进展作一综述,从Sirt1的结构特点入手,阐述Sirt1与衰老的关系。研究表明,当上皮细胞受到外界刺激时,Sirt1通过多种途径影响上皮细胞的衰老:Sirt1参与调节线粒体功能和代谢稳态,线粒体功能障碍会影响细胞衰老表型;端粒长度与衰老呈负相关,Sirt1调节端粒延伸所需的端粒逆转录酶的表达,从而正向调节端粒的稳态;DNA受损后会经历损伤修复,未修复的DNA损伤会引起细胞衰老,Sirt1/p53通路可通过减轻DNA损伤抑制上皮细胞衰老;衰老细胞是慢性炎症的来源,慢性炎症也可以多种方式促成衰老,Sirt1通过缓解炎症症状抑制上皮细胞衰老。未来可重点关注Sirt1对成釉细胞衰老的影响,探究其对成釉细胞的具体作用机制,以期在釉质发育不全病因及治疗中找到突破。In the process of enamel development,premature senescence and apoptosis of ameloblasts are important causes of hereditary enamel hypoplasia.Silence information regulator 2⁃related enzyme 1(Sirt1)is a nicotinamide ade⁃nosine dinucleotide(NAD+)⁃dependent deacetylase that has been widely reported to be involved in the regulation of cell senescence.This paper reviews the research progress of Sirt1 regulating epithelial cell senescence,starting with the structural characteristics of Sirt1,and further expounds on the relationship between Sirt1 and senescence.When epitheli⁃al cells are stimulated,Sirt1 affects the senescence of epithelial cells in many ways,such as mitochondrial dysfunction.Sirt1 participates in regulating mitochondrial function and metabolic homeostasis,and telomere length is negatively relat⁃ed to senescence.Sirt1 regulates the expression of telomere reverse transcriptase needed for telomere extension,thus pos⁃itively regulating telomere homeostasis.DNA damage will undergo damage repair,unrepaired DNA damage will cause cell senescence,and the Sirt1/p53 pathway can inhibit epithelial cell senescence by reducing DNA damage.Senescent cells are the source of chronic inflammation,and chronic inflammation can also promote aging in many ways.Sirt1 inhib⁃its epithelial cell senescence by relieving inflammatory symptoms.In future research,we can focus on the effect of Sirt1 on ameloblast senescence and explore its specific mechanism of action on ameloblasts to find a breakthrough in the etiol⁃ogy and treatment of enamel hypoplasia.

关 键 词：沉默信息调节因子2相关酶1 衰老 遗传性釉质发育不全 上皮细胞 成釉细胞 端粒 线粒体 DNA损伤 炎症 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]