垂直回收运载火箭高精度姿态控制技术  

High Precision Attitude Control Technology of Vertical Landing Returning Rocket

作　　者：伊鑫 潘豪[1] 黄聪 胡海峰[1] 赵海滨 YI Xin;PAN Hao;HUANG Cong;HU Haifeng;ZHAO Haibin(Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute,Beijing 100854,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天自动控制研究所,北京100854

出　　处：《深空探测学报（中英文）》2022年第5期492-497,共6页Journal Of Deep Space Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62173301)。

摘　　要：针对返回式火箭垂直着陆回收任务中的控制难点,全面分析了返回过程中最关键的垂直着陆段对控制系统的需求和约束条件,提出了一种针对垂直着陆段的高精度姿态控制方案,包括:适应大静不稳和晃动极零结构的参数优化设计、增益非线性平滑调度以及基于自抗扰的高精度姿态控制算法。仿真结果表明:1)该方法具备了工程实现性强、模型适用范围广的实用特点;2)采用所提出的控制方案相比传统仅采用姿态主网络控制方案的控制精度有较大程度的提升,特别在支腿展开稳定过程中控制精度提高接近80%,控制精度提升效果显著,可以满足设计需求。Aiming at the control difficulties in the recover phase of a vertical landing of returning rocket, such as static unstable shape, elastic deformation of large slenderness ratio arrow body, liquid storage phenomenon for zero-pole, large interference of sudden change of aerodynamic shape during the deployment of landing, large-scale attitude adjustment, etc. Requirements and constraints of the critical vertical landing phase on the control system are analyzed comprehensively in this paper. Moreover, a highprecision attitude control scheme for vertical landing phase is put forward, that include parametric optimization design for large static instability and slosh-polar zero structure, nonlinear smooth gain scheduling, and high precision attitude control algorithm based on ESO. Simulations show that the design requirements can be accomplished by schemes proposed.

关 键 词：运载火箭 垂直返回 姿态控制 

分 类 号：V448.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]