生态文明与生态革命:一种生态马克思主义的观点--在三生谷柯布生态书院生态文明讲座上的演讲  

Ecological Civilization and Ecological Revolution: An Ecological Marxist Perspective--A Lecture on Ecological Civilization for Cobb Eco Academy(Sunshine Village)

作　　者：约翰·贝拉米·福斯特[1] 高和然(译) 胡春雷(校) John Bellamy Foster;Gao Heran;Hu Chunlei

机构地区：[1]美国俄勒冈大学 [2]自然教育机构“大地学堂”,北京102212 [3]不详

出　　处：《鄱阳湖学刊》2022年第5期35-41,125,F0002,共9页Journal of Poyang Lake

摘　　要：生态文明概念最早出现于20世纪80年代的苏联。中国的生态文明概念既不同于苏联的生态文明概念,也独立于更广泛、更抽象的西方生态马克思主义意义上的生态文明概念。中国的生态文明观主要内生于当代中国特色社会主义理论,既吸纳了源自历史唯物主义的生态马克思主义,也吸收了中国传统文化精髓。中国生态文明的目标是中国和人类的可持续发展,强调增进人民的福祉而不仅限于经济发展。中国社会在中国共产党的领导下,生态行动从上到下都在进行,正在取得令世界瞩目的成就。与之形成对照,美国和欧洲国家的资本主义生态改革措施是以市场机制和技术变革的形式,创建绿色市场和进行自然资本化,这无法从根本上改变目前“帝国式生产和生活模式”,而只能让其继续下去。在最近对马克思主义生态学发展的阐述中,有一些概念是非常重要的,其中最主要的是马克思的“自然的普遍新陈代谢”、“社会新陈代谢”和“代谢断裂”概念。在构想世界生态治理图景时,我们不仅需要“生态文明”、“生态革命”和“生态马克思主义”范畴,还需要“环境无产阶级”范畴。进行一场针对人类生存的生态革命,需要的不是简单的环境改革,而是一场更广泛的超越资本逻辑自身的新的革命实践。The concept of ecological civilization first appeared in the Soviet Union in the 1980s.The Chinese-style ecological civilization is different from that of Soviet Union,and also independent from that of Western Ecological Marxism,which is more extensive and abstract.The notion of ecological civilization in China is mainly derived from the theory of contemporary socialism with Chinese characteristics,absorbing ecological Marxism which originates from historical materialism,and assimilating the essence of traditional Chinese culture.The goal of China’s ecological civilization is sustainable development for China and humanity,attaching importance to people’s well-being rather than mere economic development.Under the leadership of the CPC,ecological practice has been carried out in China in all respects with achievements that amaze the whole world.In contrast,the capitalist ecological reform measures in the United States and European countries are implemented in the form of market mechanisms and technological changes to create green markets and realize natural capitalization,which cannot fundamentally change the current“imperial mode of production and life”,but only allow it to continue.In the recent development and elaboration of Marxist ecology,some concepts are very important,especially“universal natural metabolism”,“social metabolism”and“metabolic rift”.When we conceive the blueprint of world ecological governance,we not only need to consider“ecological civilization”,“ecological revolution”and“ecological Marxism”,but also should care about“environmental proletariat”.In order to carry out an ecological revolution for human survival,what is needed is not a simple environmental reform,but a broader ecological and social revolution that goes beyond the logic of capital itself.

关 键 词：生态文明 生态马克思主义 生态革命 环境无产阶级 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]