航天器质量特性在线辨识方法及地面验证  

Online identification method and ground verification of spacecraft mass characteristics

作　　者：徐旭 张桀睿 王冠 马广程[1] 夏红伟[1] XU Xu;ZHANG Jierui;WANG Guan;MA Guangcheng;XIA Hongwei(School of Astronautics,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学空间控制与惯性技术研究中心,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国惯性技术学报》2022年第4期537-544,共8页Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61304108);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFC2200600)。

摘　　要：针对航天器质量特性在线辨识问题,建立了适用于航天器转动惯量辨识的数学模型,分析了其可辨识性和数据采样时间的影响机理。基于渐消记忆递推最小二乘辨识理论,提出了一种改进递推最小二乘法的在线辨识方法,较传统辨识手段具有工程应用性强、跟踪效率高的优点。为了验证所提出的在线辨识方法的正确性与可行性,提出了一种基于三轴气浮台的地面全物理仿真试验系统,能够真实模拟外太空微干扰力矩微干扰力的空间动力学环境。全物理仿真试验表明所提出的算法的辨识精度优于96.2%,和理论分析精度(98.4%)相符,从而验证了所提出的航天器质量特性在线辨识方法具有实用性强、精度高、收敛速度快的优点,对航天器质量特性在线辨识的算法设计和地面验证具有一定的参考应用价值。Aiming at the problem of online identification of spacecraft mass characteristics,a mathematical model suitable for the identification of spacecraft moment of inertia is established,and the influence mechanism of its identifiability and data sampling time is analyzed.Based on the asymptotic least squares theory,an online identification method based on an improved asymptotic least squares is proposed,which has the advantages of strong engineering applicability and high tracking efficiency compared with the traditional identification methods.In order to verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed online identification method,a ground full-physics simulation test system based on a three-axis air bearing testbed is proposed,which can realistically simulate the space dynamics environment of micro-interference torque and micro-interference force in outer space.Full physicalsimulation tests show that the identification accuracy of the proposedalgorithm is better than 96.2%consistently with the accuracy of theoretical analysis(98.4%),which verifies that the proposed online identification method of spacecraft mass characteristics has strong practicability,high accuracy,and fast convergence speed.The proposedidentification method has a certain reference and application value for algorithm design and ground verification of online identification of spacecraft mass characteristics.

关 键 词：在线辨识 转动惯量 可辨识性 三轴气浮台 辨识精度 

分 类 号：V448.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]