2017年至2020年云南省昆明市中小学生血压偏高流行趋势及特征分析  

Epidemic Trends and Characteristics of Hypertension among Primary and Secondary Students from 2017 to 2020 in Kunming,Yunnan

作　　者：杨云娟[1,2,3] 马涛 查远翊 常利涛 刘宏[1] 杨帆[1] 代丽梅 李芳[3] Yunjuan YANG;Tao MA;Yuanyi ZHA;Litao CHANG;Hong LIU;Fan YANG;Limei DAI;Fang LI(Dept.of School Health,Yunnan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming Yunnan 650022;School of Public Health,Kunming University of Medical,Kunming Yunnan 650500;School of Public Health,Dali University,Dali Yunnan 671003;Dept.of Pharmacy,Kunming Women and Children’s Hospital of Yunnan Chengtou Kunming Yunnan 650300;Graduate School,Kunming University of Medical,Kunming Yunnan 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所,云南昆明650022 [2]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,云南昆明650500 [3]大理大学公共卫生学院,云南大理671003 [4]云南城投昆明妇女儿童医院药学部,云南昆明650300 [5]昆明医科大学研究生院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2022年第11期17-21,共5页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71764014);云南省医学学科带头人项目(D-2018007);昆明市中青年学术和技术带头人项目(KMRCD-2018011);昆明市西山区科技局科研项目(西科字34号)。

摘　　要：目的分析昆明市中小学生血压偏高的流行趋势、分布特征,为制定昆明市中小学生高血压的预防干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,随机抽取云南省昆明市2个县(区)11所学校9至18岁中小学生,进行现场体格测量及问卷调查。本研究共调查12026人。结果昆明市中小学生血压偏高的检出率为8.15%,标化检出率为7.85%。中小学生血压偏高呈现逐年上升的趋势(P<0.01)。流行特征为:随着年龄的增加,患血压偏高的风险也相应的增加(P<0.01);男生高于女生(P<0.01);汉族学生血压偏高检出水平上升较快,年平均上升1.11%(P<0.01);城区学生高于郊/县区学生,但郊/县区学生血压偏高检出水平上升速度快于城区学生,年平均上升2.78%(P<0.01);超重(OR=2.45)、肥胖(OR=4.78)是血压偏高的高危人群(P<0.05)。结论昆明市中小学生血压偏高问题不容忽视,应尽快开展昆明市中小学生高血压的危险因素探究,以降低中小学生不健康行为生活方式的发生,从而减少成人高血压、冠心病和脑卒中等慢性病的发生。Objectives To analyze the prevalence trend and epidemic characteristics of hypertension among primary and middle school students in Kunming, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and intervention strategies for hypertension among children and adolescents in Kunming. Methods A multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling was used to randomly select students aged 9 to 18 from 11 primary and secondary schools in 2 counties( districts) of Kunming, Yunnan. A total of 12,026 people were surveyed.Results The detection rate of hypertension in primary and secondary school students of Kunming was 8.15%and the standardized detection rate was 7.85%.The hypertension of primary and middle school students was increasing year by year (P<0.01).The prevalence of hypertension increased with age (P<0.01);Boys were higher than girls(P<0.01);The prevalence of hypertension in Han students increased faster than those of minority (P<0.01).Urban students were higher than suburban/county students,but the elevated blood pressure level of the suburban/county students increased faster than the urban students (P<0.01).Overweight (OR=2.45) and obesity(OR=4.78) were high-risk groups with hypertension (P<0.05).Conclusions The problem of hypertension among primary and secondary school students in Kunming cannot be ignored,and the risk factors of hypertension should be explored as soon as possible.In order to reduce the occurrence of unhealthy behaviors in primary and secondary school students,so as to reduce the occurrence of chronic diseases such as adult hypertension,coronary heart disease and stroke.

关 键 词：学生 儿童 青少年 高血压 流行趋势 流行特征 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]