数字化积分制与乡村治理效能提升——理论基础与实践经验  

Digital Points System and the Improvement of Rural Governance Effectiveness——Theoretical Foundations and Empirical Practice

作　　者：马九杰[1] 刘晓鸥[1] 高原[1] MA Jiujie;LIU Xiaoou;GAO Yuan

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期53-68,共16页Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“乡村振兴背景下数字乡村发展的理论、实践与政策研究”(20&ZD164);北京市社会科学基金规划项目“北京市乡村数字公共服务建设研究”(21GLB032)。

摘　　要：积分制是近年来乡村治理实践中涌现出的新型治理手段。数字化积分制是数字经济和数字治理发展大背景下积分制运用的最新形式。本文认为,积分制的实质是一种基于规范的干预,亦即治理主体可以通过调动社会规范和道德,借助居民决策中对内在价值动机的重视,促进居民选择具有正外部性的亲社会行为。设计得当的积分制,可以通过正外部性行为的增益,实现村庄治理效能的提升,助力乡村内生发展动力的形成。本文通过梳理新古典经济学传统下决策和激励理论的新进展,构建一个积分制激励模型,对积分制及积分制实践中数字技术应用可能发挥的作用机制进行了阐述。同时,借助地方数字化积分制的经验案例,展示了理论机制在现实中可能的表现形式和遭遇的挑战。The points system is a new method of governance that has emerged in recent rural governance practices.The digital points system is the newest form of the use of points system in the background of the development of the digital economy and digital governance.We think that the nature of the points system is a kind of norms-based intervention,that is,the governance body can use social norms and morality and leverage on the intrinsic motivation of the agents to promote prosocial behavior.The well-designed points system can enhance positive externality and rural governance effectiveness,and forge the endogenous dynamics of rural development.We review the recent development of decision and incentive theories in the vein of neoclassical economics,build a model of points system of incentive,and analyze the mechanisms and channels of how digital technology exerts its functions.We also discuss two empirical cases of how digital points system work in the real world,to show how theories could be used to reveal the mechanisms in the practice of points systems and what challenges they may encounter.

关 键 词：积分制 数字技术 社会规范 干预 内在价值动机 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学] F49[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]