经历越多必然创新吗?——私营企业家职业经历多样性、政策感知与企业创新  

Is innovation inevitable with more experiences:Diversity of private entrepreneurs′career experience,policy perception and firm innovation

作　　者：阳镇 陈劲[1,2] 凌鸿程 YANG Zhen;CHEN Jin;LING Hongchen(School of Economics and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Research Center for Technological Innovation,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;Institute of Industrial Economic,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学经济管理学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学技术创新研究中心,北京100084 [3]江西财经大学产业经济研究院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2022年第6期30-45,共16页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金重大资助项目(17ZDA082);国家自然科学基金资助项目(71941026)。

摘　　要：企业家基于独特的企业家精神促进企业创新。党的十九大以来,尤其是后疫情时代,企业家在推动经济社会高质量发展的作用得到前所未有的重视。本文基于第十次与第十一次中国私营企业微观调查数据,实证分析了企业家职业经历多样性对企业创新的具体影响与经济后果,并进一步分析了私营企业家的创新政策感知在企业家职业经历多样性与企业创新之间产生的中介效应。研究结果表明:(1)企业家职业经历多样性对企业创新意愿与创新投入产生正向促进效应,且企业家体制内职业多样性与跨界职业经历对企业创新投入影响更为明显;细分企业家经历类型的分析结果表明企业家党政机关经历、国企经历、农村工作经历、从军经历与海外经历分别对私营企业创新投入产生正向促进效应;(2)企业家职业经历多样性对企业家政策感知产生显著的促进效应,且企业家政策感知在企业家职业经历多样性与企业创新之间产生显著的中介效应,政策感知在私营企业家职业经历多样性与企业创新之间发挥了创新政策资源传导的桥梁作用;(3)异质性分析结果表明,私营企业家职业经历多样性对企业创新的驱动效应在无政治关联的企业以及行业竞争强度更高的情境下更为明显。本文的研究丰富了企业创新的驱动因素的研究,有助于我国在经济社会转型过程中更好地发挥企业家精神的作用,从而实现高质量发展。Since the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the role of entrepreneurs in promoting high-quality economic and social development, especially in the post-COVID era, has received unprecedented attention. Especially in recent years, the digital technology under the new round of scientific and technological revolution further provides an enabling basis for entrepreneurship. A large number of digital firms promote digital innovation and transformation based on their unique platform leadership and digitalization leadership, which has become a new driving factor for enterprise innovation. From the existing research point of view, academia has produced a lot of research on how to drive enterprise innovation performance and sustainable innovation behavior. However, the existing research overlooks the relationship between entrepreneurial experience, especially pre-entrepreneurial experience, and enterprise innovation. From the perspective of entrepreneurial experience, rich pre-entrepreneurial experience helps to form a complex and diversified enterprise operation and management knowledge structure, promotes the diversity of private enterprise innovation culture, and brings richer social network capital for enterprise innovation source.Therefore, this paper mainly focuses on private firms as the research object. Private firms are different from state-owned ones. Their innovation strategy decisions are more derived from the will and motivation of individual entrepreneurs. Private firms are still the main force of innovation and entrepreneurship in China, and occupy an important position in the process of driving the development of private sector in China. However, in the process of reform of China′s market-oriented system, the legitimacy of private firms′ innovation and entrepreneurship is not achieved overnight, but through a progressive acquisition process. Compared with state-owned firms, the legitimacy of private firms in the process of frequent institutional changes is still in a relatively we

关 键 词：企业家 企业创新 职业经历 多样性 政策感知 

分 类 号：F273[经济管理—企业管理]